Synanthedon myopaeformis
Apple Tree Clearwing ( Synanthedon myopaeformis )
The Apple Tree Clearwing ( Synanthedon myopaeformis ), sometimes referred to as orchard - clearwings, is a butterfly of the family of Clearwing ( Sesiidae ). Borkhausen gave the type the trivial names " biting flies enthusiast ".
- 6.1 Notes and references
- 6.2 Literature
Features
Butterfly
The moths have transparent wings, which are scaly only at the wing veins, the Diskalfleck and the wing edges. You can reach a wingspan of 14-24 millimeters. The front wings are very narrow and pointed. At the edges are colored black brown. The fringes are brownish. In the middle of an elongated black brown Diskalfleck can be seen running from the front to the back edge. The hind wings have a narrow dark Saumbinde and a small black brown Diskalfleck. Head, Antenna, thorax and abdomen shining blue-black to black-green. In the fourth segment of the abdomen is a red or orange-red ring. The anal tuft are strongly developed fan-shaped and of bluish-black color, with the males at the end sometimes slightly yellowish.
Similar Species
There is a great similarity to the Little Birch Clearwing ( Synanthedon culiciformis ), the somewhat broader and more rounded wing shows. The honeysuckle - Clearwing ( Synanthedon soffneri ) differs by the yolk- yellow colored ring on the fourth segment.
Geographical distribution and occurrence
The Apple Tree Clearwing is used in almost all of Europe. It also occurs in Asia Minor and North Africa. Main habitat of the species are orchards of fruit trees, orchards and gardens.
Way of life
The diurnal moths fly during the months of May to July, occasionally to early September. They are particularly active in the sunshine. Very happy to visit then the flowers of various plants, such as those of elderberry (Sambucus ), thistles ( Cirsium ), viburnum ( Viburnum ), privet ( Ligustrum ) or raspberry (Rubus idaeus ). Male moths also fly to pheromone traps. The maggot-like caterpillars live one or two- year beneath the bark of fruit trees, and include: cultivated apple (Malus domestica), Crab Apple (Malus sylvestris), common Pear (Pyrus communis), plum (Prunus domestica), bird cherry (Prunus padus ) bird cherry (Prunus avium) and apricot (Prunus armeniaca ). They were also tested on hawthorn species ( Crataegus ). Preferably, they live in injured, sick or older trees. In orchards, they can occur year -and area- wise harmful. It also considerable secondary damage occurs by fungal infestation in the food aisles. As a protective measure comes in addition to the use of pheromone traps, the disrupter used. The caterpillars overwinter and pupate in the spring in the burrow under the bark of the host plant.
Endangering
In Germany the Apple Tree clearwings occurs in all states and is classified as endangered.
Subspecies
The following subspecies are known:
- Synanthedon myopaeformis myopaeformis
- Synanthedon myopaeformis typhiaeformis
- Synanthedon myopaeformis cruentata
- Synanthedon myopaeformis graeca
- Synanthedon myopaeformis luctuosa