Teuthonista

Teuthonista is the name for a phonetic transcription, which in use today or in the German dialectology.

Origin

The name Teuthonista dates back to the magazine Teuthonista by which the font in 1924/25 was known. However, the foundations originated in the 19th century. Designs for a phonetic transcription specifically for dialectology were presented, for example, by Johann Andreas Schmeller, Oskar burner or Otto Bremer. As a result, the dialect researcher Philipp Lenz developed a romanization system, which launched in 1900 in the " Journal of High German dialects " and in the years 1924/25, in slightly modified form of Hermann Teuchert in dialectological magazine Teuthonista under the title " According to Scripture the Teuthonista " was presented.

At the same time presented the founder of Italian dialectology, Graziadio Isaia Ascoli, 1873 diacritical Umschriftsystem, which he built on the 1855 Karl Richard Lepsius designed by Egyptologists phonetics. On this basis, Eduard Böhmer developed a font. Both phonetics designs are often collectively referred to as the Bohemian - Ascoli system. It became known as, among other things, the Swiss Romanist Karl Jaberg and Jakob Jud when creating the voice and Sachatlasses Italy and southern Switzerland (AIS ) based on it. The shape of the two documents is very similar, both use the Latin alphabet as a base and work with certain diacritics. Today, the different subspecies are virtually collapsed. In fact, the Teuthonista can thus be attributed to a Romanist as well as on a Germanistic line.

Operation

The font is based primarily on the Latin alphabet. The various gradations of sounds are expressed by diacritics. Due to the large number of such diacritics can the font some flexibility when transcribing. Since it is used especially in the southern German dialectology Teuthonista as phonetics, it has a large area of ​​distribution and is today still used in transcription and in the documentation of dialects.

Vowels

In the area of ​​the vowels Teuthonista pursues a rather diacritical strategy. The base notes are taken mostly in the Latin alphabet and modified with diacritics above or below the base characters. Hook under a basic signs symbolize an open and a closed points of articulation. Many Teuthonista versions can also spreads through centralization mark in front of the base characters. Quantities are indicated by tick marks, arches or roofs over the character. Also for nasalization, lip rounding, as well as main and secondary accents, there are diacritics which may occur in combination.

Consonants

The consonants which Teuthonista is rather monotyp. This means there is one character (many from the Latin alphabet) for a sound. However, even these basic characters - as well as the vowels - are modified by diacritics. For example, there is a squiggle under a consonant when it is syllabic.

Use

The transcription system Teuthonista is now used, among others, the following projects:

Dictionaries

  • Badisches dictionary
  • Bavarian dictionary
  • Dictionary of Bavarian Dialects in Austria
  • Swabian dictionary
  • Transylvanian - Saxon Dictionary

Linguistic atlases

  • Linguistic Atlas of German Switzerland
  • Atlas linguistique de l'Alsace
  • West German Linguistic Atlas
  • Vorarlberg Linguistic Atlas
  • Sub-projects of the Bavarian linguistic atlas Linguistic Atlas of Bavarian Swabia
  • Linguistic Atlas of Middle Franconia
  • Linguistic Atlas of Lower Franconia
  • Linguistic Atlas of Lower Bavaria
  • Linguistic Atlas of Northeast Bavaria
  • Linguistic Atlas of Upper Bavaria
  • Linguistic Atlas of Upper Austria
  • Atlas of historical German dialects on the territory of the Czech Republic
Phonetic transcription#Types of notational systems Transcription (linguistics) Roundedness
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