Tibetan pinyin

The official transcription of the People's Republic of China on the Tibetan is a system for transliteration of the Tibetan in the Latin alphabet, which is used, inter alia, by the Chinese government and the UN.

History

A draft of the transcription was on 12 May 1965 by the National Headquarters cartography and the Chinese Commission for writing reform (Chinese中华人民共和国 国家 测绘 总局,中国 文字 改革 委员会) simultaneously for the spelling of Tibetan place names in the Latin alphabet with transcription systems for the Mongolian and Uighur published ( original title: "少数民族 语 地名 汉语拼音 字母 音译 转 写法(草案) " Design principles for the transcription of place names from languages ​​of national minorities with the Hanyu Pinyin alphabet) and in June 1976 - after the Cultural Revolution - revised and adopted. The transliteration of Tibetan based on the case of the corresponding sounds in Hanyu Pinyin, which had previously been developed for the high Chinese.

The system was recognized by the UN in 1977 in Resolution III / 8 and recommended.

In September 1976, the Chinese Commission for writing reform revised the rules for the transcription of personal names in May 1974 ( Original title: "中国 人名 汉语拼音 字母 拼写 法" ) and wrote the system is also required for the transcription of personal names. On August 30, 1978, inter alia, the Chinese Foreign Ministry confirmed the decision and on September 26, 1978, the State Council confirmed this standard. The Secretariat explained that from 15 June 1979, the system to be used for both local as well as personal names.

Basics

The decree of 1974 clearly states that the name does not have to be reproduced by the Chinese pronunciation, but according to the original language from the languages ​​of national minorities.

The spellings based on the Tibetan radio debate (ie essentially on the dialect of the Tibetan capital Lhasa ). The Tibetan uses a historical- etymological spelling, therefore it can be concluded from the transcription is not unique to the Tibetan spelling.

Tibetan is a tonal language. The tones are not referred to in the inscription. ( In Tibetan textbooks - for example, the textbooks of the Central Nationalities University in Beijing - a modified version of the official system is therefore used, in which the sounds are designated by letters of their own. )

Transcription of the initial sounds

A more comprehensive description of the system ( with the transcription of all consonant clusters that occur in the written language ) can be found at Tibetan language - the Lhasa dialect.

Tables: I. - Tibetan script; II - transcription; III. - Pronunciation in IPA

Simple consonants

Consonant combinations

Transcription of the end of a word

I. - Tibetan script; II - transcription; III. - Pronunciation in IPA