Tilletia caries

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Bunt of wheat ( Tilletia caries )

The wheat bunt ( Tilletia caries ) is a parasitic fungus that infects wheat. Infestation symptoms tend to be about from the flower. Later appearing in the fruit stalls decayed grains, which are in contrast to normal grains due to the contained fungal spores dyed black. This results in an immediate loss of revenue. The wheat is unsuitable for grinding and in extreme cases, also as animal feed.

Damage

Already the cotyledons could have small chlorotic spots that are easy to overlook. The ears color changes to blue-green to dirty gray. Starting at a visually unrecognizable spores stocking of 10,000 spores per particle can smell the wheat bunt. The Ährenalagen are often spread wide and must also include decayed, the smell of fish. The spore mass contained there initially greasy black and then dry. The length of the plant is shortened a bit, but not as much as the dwarf bunt. For the stalks of infected plants remain green longer. After threshing, the spores remain on the seed, especially the mustache, stick on the outside.

Biology

The spores are in the decayed for decades viable. They germinate after sowing simultaneously with the grains. The corn seedling can be infinziert grown to a size of two centimeters. Optimal infection conditions occur at five to ten degrees Celsius. On clay soil ranges from a low humidity, sand soil must be moist medium and peaty soil needs a high humidity of 20 to 60 percent.

Countermeasures

To prevent bunt of wheat, very pure seed must be used first. These must be taken on a clean threshing first and foremost. If necessary, you can use a Saatgutbürstmaschine, pickle the seed with hot water or use pesticides on the basis of Pseudomonas chlororaphis. Helpful are an early winter wheat sowing and late sowing spring wheat, seeds with high driving force.