Titanium tetrachloride

Colorless, pungent-smelling, moist air greatly fuming liquid

Liquid

1.73 g · cm -3

-24.8 ° C

136.5 ° C

12 hPa ( 20 ° C)

Decomposition in water
Soluble in hydrochloric acid and ethanol

1.6076 ( 18 ° C)

Risk

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Titanium (IV ) chloride ( titanium tetrachloride) is a chemical compound selected from chlorine and titanium. The titanium is present in its highest stable oxidation state and TiCl4.

There are other chlorine compounds of titanium, including, for example, titanium (III ) chloride, which is a strong reducing agent, is known.

Production

Of titanium tetrachloride is prepared by carbochlorination of titanium dioxide in the presence of carbon and chlorine at 700-1000 ° C:

It is an intermediate product of the Kroll process to produce titanium.

Use

Of titanium tetrachloride is an important and Lewis acid is used in organic chemistry in the Knoevenagel reaction and the Mukaiyama -Michael reaction. There is also a raw material for catalysts, such as Ziegler -Natta catalysts, and the starting material for the organo -titanium compounds. Titanium tetrachloride found in smoke generators for military purposes use (see: fog warfare agent ). Of titanium tetrachloride occurs with the " chloride process " which is used for purification of the titanium dioxide as an intermediate. It is also used in the wet analytical chemistry for the detection of peroxides. In Peroxidanwesenheit the solution turns yellow to orange.

Properties

Titanium tetrachloride is hydrolyzed with water in a violent reaction to titanium dioxide ( smoke) and hydrogen chloride ( corrosive ). Already on contact with humidity, the hydrolysis takes place.

Effect in the body

Especially when using military as fog warfare agent is a risk of inhalation of the resulting hydrogen chloride HCl. This can cause irritation or even burns of the mucous membranes or the lung tissue. Initial symptoms by inhalation include cough and chest pain. The symptoms last longer than 20 minutes is to be expected with a life-threatening pulmonary edema, which can occur even without persistent symptoms.

CAS registry number Vapor pressure Dangerous Substances Directive (67/548/EEC) Titanium(III) chloride Smoke screen CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics Titanium(III) fluoride Titanium(III) bromide Titanium tetrafluoride Titanium tetrabromide Titanium tetraiodide

774796