Trobairitz

The Trobairitz were the female counterpart to the troubadours in the 11th to 13th centuries in southern France, in the language area of the Occitan. The word comes Trobairitz, as troubadour and trobaire, trobar " find, invent a song " from the Occitan word.

In the manuscripts in which the texts of the troubadours and these texts added Vidas ( brief biographies ) and Razos ( biographical and anecdotal notes to the individual songs ) have survived, are about 20 women called Trobairitz and named. However, a review of the real existence of these women is not possible in all cases.

Overall, the texts of the Trobairitz represent about 5 % of the traditional Trobadordichtung. These works represent a unique feature of medieval poetry, as they were written from the female point of view of women.

The Trobairitz adjusts to the Occitan -speaking countries and the period from the late 11th to the 13th century phenomenon limited dar. So no female counterpart is known, for example, in the Central European minstrel.

Topics

Although the form of the works of Trobairitz varied so there is still a central theme before the fin'amor, the ideal of pure or perfect love. The idealized courtly love is thus here, just as their male counterparts.

Known Trobairitz

About the number of Trobairitz there is so far unclear, the number varies according to the researchers. The following Trobairitz are known by name, appearing either as the sole lyrical I in the seals or as partners in dialogue:

As the sole lyrical I

Azalais de Porcairagues, Beatriz de Dia, Beiris de Romans, Castelloza, Clara D' Anduza, Tibor de Sarenom, Azalais d' Altier, Gormonda de Monpeslier

Dialogues from woman to woman

Alaisina Iselda and Carenza, Almucs de Castelnou and Iseut de Capion,

Diaglogpartnerinnen of troubadours

Alamanda ( with Giraut de Bornelh ) Garsenda de Forcalquier ( with Gui de Cavaillon ), Felipa ( with Arnaut Plagues ) Guilhelma de Rosers ( with Lanfranc Cigala ), Lombarda ( with Bernart Arnaut d' Armagnac ), Maria de Ventadorn ( with Gui d' Ussel ) Ysabella ( with Elias Cairel )

In addition, a number of anonymous texts is also attributed Trobairitz. Furthermore, some women are assigned to the Trobairitz, although no works of them are obtained ( eg Gaudairença ).

Notes on the modern musical interpretations

The group Hespèrion XX (now XXI Hespèrion ) with the soprano Montserrat Figueras was the first ensemble in 1978 dared to interpret the works of Trobairitz, so the interpretation of those old Occitan women's songs. Be interpreted poems and songs of the Condesa de Provenza Garsenda and the Condesa de Dia ( = Beatriz de Dia ).