Tryavna

Tryavna [ trjavnɐ ] ( Bulgarian Трявна Sarria, Triavna ) is a Bulgarian town with 9648 inhabitants (15 September 2010), located near Veliko Tarnovo and Gabrovo. Tryavna was formerly a center of the textile industry, but is now increasingly dependent on tourism. The Art School of Tjawna is one of the oldest and most famous art schools in Bulgaria.

Location

The town of Tryavna is one of the Bulgarian settlements that have preserved the national spirit and the way of life of the Bulgarians. Tryavna is situated on the northern slopes of the Balkan Mountains, along the river Trjawnaer. The city is connected by transport and rail routes well with the whole country. Tryavna is 240 km from Sofia and Varna and 210 km from Burgas. The city is located at an altitude of 440 m above sea level and has approximately 10,000 inhabitants.

The Balkan mountains surrounding the city like a wreath and gives her fresh mountain air, ancient pine forests, green meadows and clear water. The climate there is mild and suitable for the treatment and rehabilitation of people with lung and heart diseases.

History

Tryavna is the center for collections of outstanding examples of woodcarving, icon painting and architecture. Cultural and Historical excavations show that the settlement already existed in the era of Thracians and Romans occupy other historical sources that the city was founded in the 12th century. Another document sees the year 1565 as the year the city was founded. During the period of Ottoman rule, the town's inhabitants guarded the mountain passes and secured so some privileges ( Derwendschi ), which is why the settlement was a purely Bulgarian population, the masterpieces created mainly in the field of construction, wood carving and icon painting.

In the time of the Bulgarian Revival, the town got its specific appearance, easy to harmonize with nature. In typical Trjawnaer houses the ground floor has an irregular shape; suitable for small shops and workshops. The upper floors have projecting bay windows, which are supported by arched wooden beams. The roofs are covered with slabs of carved stone, a material that fits well with the mountain landscape. The old city area of ​​Tryavna is an architectural reserve. The surviving ensemble of the Clock Tower ( built in 1844 ) and the " stoop " Bridge on the " Kapitan Djado Nikola " Square are symbols of the city. This includes the building of the old Trjawnaer school - one of the first public schools in Bulgaria. There, a collection of medieval clocks and a permanent exhibition of the world famous painter Dimitar Kazakov, part of whose works in Paris and Boston are issued.

There you can also visit the Raikov - house - the birthplace of the first Bulgarian chemist, Professor Pentscho Nikolov Raikov. The house comprises an ethnographic exhibition.

Also interesting is the Museum House " Petko and Pentscho Slawejkowi " in which the issue of the seal of the Creator - dedicated - father and son. The son Pentscho Slaveikov was nominated for the Nobel Prize for poetry.

The Kalintschew - house was converted into an art gallery with the donated art collection of Totyu Gabenski family. The exhibition at the Museum "Angel Kunchev " shows the history of the national liberation struggle and the work of Angel Kunchev, the comrade Wasil Lewskis was.

Tryavna is not just a remark -cost center for the architecture of the 18th and 19th century, but is also home to the oldest art school in the era of rebirth that has produced excellent role models in the field of icon painting and woodcarving. The names of many famous architects, painters and woodcarvers made ​​Tryavna still late 18th century on the borders of Bulgaria in Romania, Serbia, Turkey and Persia famous.

Inseparable from Tryavna the two famous carved suns in Daskalov House are ( built 1808 ), a museum of painting and wood carving are located. The remarkable ceiling are a result of the first declared competition between the former woodcarver Masters Dimitar Oschaneza and Ivan Botschukoweza. From May to October, this worked independently in the largest rooms of the house, unable to see each other's work. The wonderful carved ceilings represent the fiery rays of the sun in July, which is decorated with wreaths of green plants and flowers.

The church "St. Archangel Mikhail " (1814 built ) is at the center of the city. It is a valuable medieval cultural monument. The carved iconostasis and bishop's throne are masterpieces of Trjawnaer Holzschnitzereischule.

The museum " Trjawnaer School of icon painting " 160 Icons of Old Masters is located in the " Royal Chapel ". The whole exhibition was exhibited in Paris. Today the college for applied arts leads the centuries-old tradition in this area.

Tryavna is now a tourist town that has modern hotels and restaurants. 20 km from the city to reach the spa Woneschta Woda ( German: " stinking water " ), the mineral springs rheumatic diseases as well as heart and can relieve stomach discomfort.

From Tryavna the family of the former Prime Minister of Bulgaria, Stefan Stambolov dates.

The Town Hall

The church " St. Archangel Michail "

Tryavna

Coat of arms

The coat of arms of Tryavna exists in a small and a larger version. The small version sets for the heraldry typical, so-called Spanish coat of arms, which was quartered blue and red. In the first box on the top right of the letter T, which stands for the name of the city and its Bulgarian importance трева ( TREWA, dt grass) and the date of the first known written mention of the name of the city in 1565 was drawn on red background. The second field, top right, shows on blue background, the two landmark of Tryavna - the bridge and the clock tower. The lower left panel shows also on blue background a golden griffin in his front paws a brush and a scythe. The Griffin stands for the duality of the human quest for the Divine, which is expressed in the form of the unique art of icon painters and woodcarvers of the famous Tryavna art school. The fourth field shows a rampant on a red background, looking inside, golden lion, which symbolizes the proud and watchful spirit of Bulgarian citizens Tryavna.

The large coat of arms in the center includes the small coat of arms which of the two sides of two inward -looking, white doves is worn as a sign holder. The doves, on the one hand symbolize Christianity, and on the other hand stand for the enlightenment during the Bulgarian Revival, standing on two crossed Akanthuszweigen. The green branches represent the purity of the nature of the Balkan Mountains and the spa town of Tryavna.