Tsuga dumosa

Himalayan Hemlock ( Tsuga dumosa )

The Himalayan Hemlock ( Tsuga dumosa ) is a coniferous tree from the species of hemlock. Their range extends from China in the north, Bhutan and Nepal to India and Myanmar.

Description

The Himalayan hemlock is 20 to 25 meters, rarely up to 40 m tall trees with breast height diameters of 40 to 50 centimeters, rarely up to 2.7 meters. The bark is thick, brown -gray to gray-brown and torn along. The tree crown is pyramidal. Young branches are initially yellowish or reddish brown and light brown or dark gray in the second and third year. They are grooved and hairy woolly. The needles are arranged in two rows, linear or rarely narrowly linear- lanceolate, 1.0 to 2.4 cm, rarely up to 3.5 centimeters long and 1.5 to 3.0 millimeters wide. The top is green, shiny and grooved, the bottom shows two white stomatal strips. The needles are cut to the tip or rarely entire. The needle tip is notched obtuse or occasionally. The male cones are spherical and are available individually in the branch axils. The anthers are greenish yellow. The seed cones are light green and light brown at maturity. They are ovate, 1.5 to 3.0 inches long with diameters 1-2 centimeters. The seed scales are 1.0 to 1.4 inches long and 0.7 to 1.2 inches wide. They are very thin, smooth, circular to obovate, curved slightly convex at the base and bent back toward the tip slightly. The bracts are wedge-shaped rhombic with toothed edge and zweilappiger tip. The seeds are obliquely ovate or almost ovoid and with wing 0.8 to 1.2 inches long. Pollination is from April to May, the seeds ripen from October to November.

Distribution and ecology

The distribution area is located in the temperate and tropical Asia. They are found in China in the provinces of Sichuan, Xizang and Yunnan, Bhutan, India ( Arunachal Pradesh provinces, Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh ), Nepal and Myanmar. There, she lives on the mountain slopes and in river valleys at altitudes 2300-3500 meters in areas with cool climate, high humidity and high precipitation.

In Vietnam, they are only found in Lao Cai mountain range. She lives there along with various rhododendron species and Pindrow fir (Abies pindrow ).

In the IUCN Red List, the Himalayan hemlock will be listed as endangered ( " Lower Risk / least concern "). It is noted, however, that a re-evaluation of risks is required.

Systematics and history of research

The Himalayan Hemlock ( Tsuga dumosa ) is a species of the genus of hemlock ( Tsuga ). There she is assigned to the subgenus Tsuga. Synonyms are other Tsuga yunnanensis ( Franchet ) E. Pritzel and Tsuga brunoniana ( Wallich ) Carriere.

Use

The wood is used for construction timber and for making furniture.