Ultimate (sport)

Ultimate or Ultimate Frisbee is a competitive -oriented, largely non-contact team sport with a 175 gram plastic flying disc ( Frisbee ) is played. Originally invented by American students to Ultimate is enjoying increasing popularity internationally. It is played in more than 40 countries and there should be more than 5 million players worldwide. Focuses on the U.S. and Canada with 4.9 million players.

Ultimate is distinguished by the Spirit of the Game ( " Spirit of the Game "), which represents the principles of fair play and the fun of the game in the foreground, and is always played without a referee in Germany and internationally in all competitions. Ultimate is one of the flying disc sports, including disciplines such as disc golf, freestyle count.

• 4.1 German master outdoor
• 4.2 German Masters Indoor

Game idea

The aim of the game is to catch the frisbee thrown by a teammate in the opposing end zone at the end of the field, for which the crew of the catcher receives one point. Various game elements from the basketball and American football are included with Ultimate, but does any body contact (in theory) a foul. The attacking ( in disk -owned ) team attempts to Walk clearances; the defending team tries to pass through ceilings and blocking in possession of the disc. The game is run by very intense, however, the player with the disc must not move from the spot. The sport is played without a referee, all decisions are made by the participating players on the field.

History

1964 was founded the International Frisbee Association (IFA ) of the first dressing, and 1968, students at Columbia High School in New Jersey Ultimate Frisbee as a team sport to the public. They took over this game elements of American popular sports basketball and American football. 1967, established the first, still generally applicable rules. Since 1983 world championships are held.

Regulate

It is played according to the rules of the international World Frisbee Sports Association WFDF (World Flying Disc Federation), with the exception of North America, where the rules of the U.S. Ultimate Association (USA Ultimate) apply. The two rules differ only in a few points, for example see the U.S. rules a greater end zone and the use of so-called observers ( observers ), which provide a kind of referee function in case of doubt. The basic rules agree but agree.

Spirit of the Game

The Spirit of the Game is the first and most important rule of Ultimate. In the WFDF rules is this:

"Ultimate is based on the spirit of the game, which transfers the responsibility of fair play to each player as the most important task. It is trusted that no player deliberately violated the rules. Highly competitive play is encouraged, but never at the cost of mutual respect, adherence to the agreed rules of the game or the enjoyment of the game. "

Field

The game field is a 100 m (120 yards) long and 37 m (40 yards) wide rectangle, the main pitch is 64 m long, with an end zone at each end of each 18 meters (25 yards) in length. The baseline separates the main pitch of the end zones. It is played on grass courts typically, the chalk lines bounding the court include, besides already having to "Off". The field size must be adapted to the available space or the number of players per rules.

Men

Performed by two teams of seven players against each other. After each point, any number of players may be replaced in order to make this possible, the team's strength is usually around 15 people.

It is played in five divisions: Open, Women, Mixed, Masters and Juniors. There are no pure men's teams in the Open Division, women may join. The difference to the Mixed division is that in the mixed division every 3 or 4 women and 4 or 3 Men need to be on the field, the attacking team decides before each item, how many women, or is played men.

Duration

An official game lasts until one team reaches 17 points. It consists of two game halves, the half time is reached when a team has won 9 points. Also, this rule must be adjusted so there is, for example, on many tournaments a fixed time ( often 30-40 minutes) or lower point limits in order to maintain a solid game plan.

Game History

Initiation

When the game starts, the teams face each other at the base lines. The defending team throws the disc to the attacking team, this is the first throw or even "pull". After that, the attacking team immediately starts the game.

Each point is followed by a page break and a new throw-off by the team that won the point.

The disc in the game

The disk must not be leaked to a crew member in any direction. The player who has caught the disc must stop as soon as possible and set a stand. He must now make only one star step such as basketball. The player with the disc ( thrower ) has ten seconds to throw. The direct defense of the thrower (marker ) counts every second until 10 With this stall count may start the marker as soon as it is located within a radius of 3 meters to the thrower. If a pitcher is not down for the count, he may keep the disc for longer than ten seconds.

Change the direction of play

If you change the direction of play ( a so-called turnover ), the attacking team immediately to the defending team, and vice versa. A turnover may occur for the following reasons:

• The disc touches the ground before it was captured by a team member. Or the disk is to catch during the experiment they are dropped.
• A pass is caught by an opponent.
• An opponent hits the flying disc to the ground. In that case the game continues where the disc is located.
• The disc is thrown into the "Off" and there touches an object, or is caught by a crew member in the "Off". Crucially, where the player is. The disc must pass the "off" as long as it returns to the pitch. This move is possible is called The Greatest among players: A player jumps off the field, begins without touching the ground the disc in the "off " is without touching the ground, and throws them back into the field before the foot or other body part touches the ground.
• The pitcher is counted, that is, he has not thrown the disc before the marker has counted to 10.

Fouls and other violations

Each body contact is considered a foul, as long as it does not happen casually. Casual means that it must not affect the gameplay. For example, if two players jump into a disk, there must be a casual touch. But this should be avoided.

The player fouled shows the challenge to myself. If the player who performed the foul agree, the game at the point where the foul took place, continued. If the foul players disagree ( a so-called contest ), the last pass is repeated. The attacking team loses the disc of a foul by the defending team, so it remains in possession of the disc.

Other violations, such as Pick ( obstruction of defense by another player), obstruction of view, Strip ( A touch of the defender results in the pitcher or catcher drops the disc. ), Fast Count ( The defending player counts the launcher to quickly ), or the capture of a disc in the "off " are also displayed by the participating players.

Point gain

A point is won if a disc is caught after a pass in the end zone under attack. According to the latest WFDF rules, a so-called Callahan - point is allowed, so if the defending team catches the disc in the opponent's end zone. This kind of points is named after the American Ultimate player Henry Callahan.

Indoor

In Europe, is played very often in the hall during the winter season, while handball or basketball courts are used. This results in a few rule changes: For example, the field size is adjusted accordingly, reduced the number of players on 5 on 5 and the stall count set to 8 down.

Due to the smaller field size and the lack of weather ( no wind or rain) is generally faster than Ultimate Indoor Outdoor Ultimate and there are other tactical options.

Because of limited time and Hall of intensive game is often played in the so-called non-stop mode: This is a variant that has prevailed on many German indoor tournaments. Here, according to one point, the obtained disc is stored at the location of the dot gain. The other team plays from the center of the front Endzonenbegrenzung now on. It takes place throughout the game no page break, but this usually does not matter in the hall. Player changes are possible at any time with a handshake at a defined exchange area, mostly here each with its own end zone is specified. In non-stop mode, you do not lose time by changing, setting up, throw-off and washer onto the battlefield, so that you can save about 30 seconds per point.

In Germany, an outdoor and indoor champion will be determined separately.

Beach Ultimate

Since 2001, the Beach Ultimate Lovers Association ( BULA ), which looks after the interests of Beach Ultimate. Most beach Ultimate tournaments have since been carried out according to BULA rules, containing elements of the WFDF and USA Ultimate rules.

It is played 4 against 4 or 5 vs. 5 on sand and the matches will be played on a smaller field. The playing field is 75 m long and 25 m wide, with two end zones of 15 m length at the two ends of the playing field. The field boundaries are marked by clearly visible tension straps.

Since 2004 (Portugal ) own Beach Ultimate World Championships are held. Germany was in 2004 in the mixed category win the world title and was gaining in the same category at the World Championships in Brazil in December 2007 after the U.S. Second, just as in Italy in August 2011. Austria was in 2004 in the Masters category the world title and was in the mixed category in 2004 and third in 2007. In the inaugural Beach 2008 European Championships in Le Pouliguen (F) Austria could reach the 6th place with the open national team. Germany secured the European title in the categories Mixed and master. In the Open category, the Switzerland first became European Champion.

The World Championships and the European Championships will take place in the four -year cycle.

Ultimate in Germany

In Germany there are at least 3,000 active players in 70 clubs or groups (often in the context of university sports ), spread over the whole of Germany. Local priorities are Berlin, Munich, Stuttgart / Heilbronn and the extended Rhine -Main area. In Austria there are about 20 clubs.

German master outdoor

The German Championships in the Open Division is currently played in three national leagues, which are usually held together in the same place and on the same weekend (Friday to Sunday with 6-7 games per team ). Each league consists of 10 teams who determine the rankings in two 5 - pools and subsequent knockout tournaments. Ahead there are two weekends a so-called top -16 Relegation of the top ranked teams in the previous year, the play there belonging to League 1 and 2. The other starting places in the leagues 2 and 3 will be played on the so-called B- Relegation where the teams participate in last year's 17-24 seats and more, after the north and south separate tournaments qualified teams. The ladies determine their champion in two of eight leagues. In Mixed currently has two 16- leagues, for each year must be re- qualified by qualifiers.

German Masters Indoor

The indoor championship will be played in three leagues. In the first 16 Bundesliga play ( open ) or 12 (women) team, of which descend two teams. Among them there are two second national leagues north and south of 12 (Open ) or up to 12 (ladies) teams and, if necessary, up to four regional leagues 3 (northeast / northwest / southeast / southwest ) with varying team strength. The assignment of a team leagues is independent of the outdoor season, the orientation of a mixed- DM is sought.