Umbilicariales
Umbilicaria hyperborea
The Umbilicariales are a small order of ascomycetes ( Ascomycota ), which species form lichens.
Features
The Umbilicariaceae forming lichens with the chlorococcalen green algae ( Chlorophyceae ) genus Trebouxia, enter the cyanobacteria also Stigonema and Scytonema as secondary Phytobionten on.
The fruiting bodies sitting on the lichen thallus, often they are recessed or stalked. Most of them are black, irregular disc-shaped. The excipulum is pigmented. The hymenium is amyloid. The paraphyses are simple or slightly branched at the top they are thickened. The asci are unitunicat and form one to eight spores. The ascospores are translucent ( hyaline ) or brown, non-septate or muri form ( multicellular with transverse and longitudinal walls ).
System
The Umbilicariales are currently allocated to a certain subclass of the Lecanoromycetes. According to phylogenetic studies, they are the Lecanoromycetidae quite close. The Umbilicariales following families are therefore to include the genera according to Eriksson:
The first three families leads incertae sedis Eriksson Lecanoromycetidae.
- Umbilicariaceae with two genera Lasallia
- Umbilicaria Iwatake ( Umbilicaria esculenta )
- Elixia
- Ophioparmaceae with the single genus Ophioparma, is provided to the Lecanorales at Eriksson.