Ume Sami language
Spoken in
Uralic
- Umesamisch
Umesamisch (or Umesaamisch, Umesámisch ) is a Sami language and belongs to the Finno -Ugric language family. The number of speakers is extremely low ( Ethnologue lists 20 speakers) and is mainly based on some older speakers.
Name and dissemination
The term Umesamisch refers to the spreading area which is delimited by the Ume River in the south. As northern boundary can be described the Pite River. The umesamische area includes the municipalities in Sweden Arjeplog, Arvidsjaur, Sorsele and Tärna and, historically, even Rana in Norway. Umesamisch is expected to Western Sami languages , and along with South Sami to its southern group.
Dialects
The local dialects of Umesamischen can be seen in the eastern forest dialects divide the dialect of Sorsele and North Tärna.
Grammar
Stage change
Umesamisch has, unlike the South Sami, partly stage change ( Sammallahti ).
Umlaut
Umlaut plays an important role in Umesamischen. Vowels are regularly / umlauted of the following / i / and / u:
Morphology
The morphological means in Umesamischen phonological changes ( stage change), suffixation, composition and Enklitisierung. When verbs and nouns, a distinction between gleichsilbigen and ungleichsilbigen word stems.
Verbs
The verb knows besides the singular and plural also a Dualis form.
Nouns
The nouns inflect by two numbers (ie only singular and plural. The personal pronouns also know the dual ).
Example
/ joo, mujhtaav aktən taalvien cow čɯehkie šat'tij, cow poocuoj miarrijə joh'taajij jah ič'čij naakə piapmuov oojpmət koojvvuot. jiakŋə jah iatnəmissə šat'tij, tia poocuoj jaamətaččəkɯɯtji. tia čuavvərin joh'taajit ruapttuotə viht pij'jaas, men tia sievvie lij, ič'čen oojpmət paalliet, koojvvuot. /
I remember one winter when there was ground ice, as the reindeer are started walking to the sea and could not dig for food. Ice was on the ground and the reindeer began one by one to die. Then they had to again run high upward, but the snow was hard back then, so they could not dig.