Urnula craterium
Black cup mushroom ( Urnula craterium )
The black cup fungus ( Urnula craterium ) is a species of fungus in the family of gelatinous ball relatives ( Sarcosomataceae ).
- 5.1 ingredients
- 7.1 Notes and references
Features
Macroscopic characteristics
The black cup fungus only forms round, soon goblet -shaped fruiting body with notched edges. They are 4-8 cm wide and have a 3-7 cm long petiole. The feinfilzige outside is dark gray, the fruit layer interior dyed black.
Microscopic characteristics
The cylindrical tubes are up to 600 microns long and 15-17 microns wide. This mature every 8 spores. The narrow - elliptical, colorless and smooth-walled spores measure 25-35 × 13-14 microns. The equally colorless paraphyses have a thread-like shape and are branched at the top.
Artabgrenzung
The similar winter - cup mushroom ( Urnula hiemalis ) does not have a right arm, but grows like a funnel and has smaller spores. The spores and fruiting bodies develop very slowly in winter and early spring. The species is rare.
Ecology and phenology
The black cup fungus grows on lying on the ground hardwood branches in ravines and riparian forests. He is a suspected cause of oak by its by fruit shape ( Conoplea globosa ) cancer.
The black cup fungus appears in mild winters and spring.
Dissemination
The black cup fungus is primarily from Scandinavia but also from North America and Japan. He seems to be quite rare and occurs in Germany very scattered. In Austria finds from Lower Austria and Burgenland are reported.
Importance
Ingredients
The black cup fungus produces bioactive substances ( tremulae Phellinus ) the growth of pathogenic fungi such as the aspen - fire sponge inhibit in culture.
System
The black cup fungus was first described in 1822 by Lewis David von Schweinitz as Peziza craterium. Elias Magnus Fries then put it in 1851 as the type species in the two years previously established species Urnula.