Valli di Comacchio
W1
The Valli di Comacchio ( Valli del residue comprensorio di Comacchio ) is a located in the northern Italian region of Emilia -Romagna on the border of the provinces of Ferrara and Ravenna in the communities Comacchio and Argenta area lagoon. The area is one of the recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Regional Park of the Po Delta. It was included in the decided under the Ramsar Convention list worth protecting wetlands and is designated as European bird sanctuary .. The Valli di Comacchio are the largest of a series of lagoons that lie between the delta of the Po and Ravenna. Also worth mentioning is the Valle Bertuzzi at Lido di Volano, which has a similarly rich fauna and flora.
Description
The Valli di Comacchio consist of a central, highly structured by islands and dams lagoon and adjacent wetlands. In the south the area is bounded by the river of Reno, on the north by the town of Comacchio, which was once, like Venice, Chioggia and Caorle, built on the lagoon islands. In the east, the lagoon is separated by a 2-3 km wide strip of land from the Adriatic Sea, with which it by three channels - connected - Portocanalo, Logonovo and Gobbino. In the West, the original wetlands graduate into drained by numerous canals agricultural areas that were in the 19th century drained as part of land reclamation projects, so that the original scope of the Valli di Comacchio of about 730 km ² was reduced to today's 115 km ². Nevertheless, they still belong to the largest wetlands in Italy. The lagoon receives fresh water supply primarily by the spring floods of Reno and by precipitation. About the connectivity to the Mediterranean reaches tide caused salt water in the lagoon, so that it is filled with brackish water. In Sant ' at the southern edge of the lagoon there is an information center on the reserve. Here guided tours are offered in the lagoon, the otherwise open up inaccessible regions.
Formation
The Valli the Commacchio originated in the tenth century by the gradual land subsidence of the coastal zone. The area was first flooded by fresh water of Reno. In the 16th century arose as a result of increasing water exchange with the Mediterranean Sea, which was also promoted by structural measures, today's brackish water lagoon.
Designation
The current division of the lagoon in isolable sub-basins - the most important are Valle Lido di Magnavacca, the Valle Fossa di Porto, Campo Valle and Valle Fattibello - arose from the use of the lagoon for fishing since the 16th century. Protected sub-basins were isolated in order to optimize breeding and catching fish and check the water quality. These basins were - like the Valli da Pesca of the Venice lagoon - derived from the Latin Vallum, rampart, as Valli called.
Flora
The flora of the Valli di Comacchio is characterized by the adaptation to the saline brackish water. Salt -resistant reeds and grasses such as salt plumes and Queller and tamarisk dominate the shores and islands of the lagoon. Also, salt and herbs Schraubige Salde can be found.
Fauna
The fish population of the lagoon includes eel, sea bass, sole, mullet, bream and flounder. The Valli di Comachio offer over 300 species of birds a home, including Flamingo, stilt walkers, silk, purple and gray herons and Ruff, plovers. Many migratory species, especially many species of ducks take, here quarters. Among the birds of prey nesting in the area include Falke and harrier.
Use
The Valli di Comacchio are shaped by a variety of human use of cultural landscape. In the northeast, at the height of Lido degli Estensi the salt marshes of Comacchio take a large space. The Saltzgewinnung was only in 1984 dropped due to lack of profitability. Played a vital role today fishing and farming and shellfishing. Especially marinated eel is one of the traditional products of the region. For raising and catching of eels were specially designed fish tanks, so-called lavorieri created. The set on piles fishermen's houses with the stretched out over the water networks shape the edge of the lagoon and most of all the channels. Porto Garibaldi is a major fishing port. The strip of land between the lagoon and the sea, which today is used for tourism to a great extent. To the sea, the beaches of the seaside resorts of Porto Garibaldi, Lido degli Estensi and Lido di Spina, belonging to the Lidi di Comacchio series.
The Roman ship
In 1980, near the Valle Ponti, at a nearby Comacchio, drained 1919-1921 part of the lagoon, found a Roman river boat and excavated in 1981. The ship has been dated to the late first century BC. It should probably move goods from an Adriatic port your butt up, but wrecked in the former estuary. The wreck was quickly covered by sand, which explains the good state of preservation of archaeological finds. These are now exhibited in the Museo della Nave Romana specially set up in Comacchio.