Vigna mungo

Seeds of Urdbohne

The Urdbohne ( Vigna mungo ), also called lens Bean, is a species of the subfamily of the Fabaceae family within the legume ( Fabaceae or Leguminosae). This crop is closely related to a number of other " beans " called crops, particularly for mung bean ( Vigna radiata).

History

The Urdbohne is grown in the Indian subcontinent since 3000 to 4000 years and is now spread throughout South and Southeast Asia.

Description

The crop grows Urdbohne as low, erect or hanging, annual plant, that has been selected from wild varieties that grow as a perennial herbaceous plants with 2 to 4 m long stems. The crops reach depending on the variety of plant height usually only 20 to 30 cm, it can be 60 to 90 cm.

The hairy leaves are in three parts and stalked. Petioles have lengths of about 10 cm. The three broad - lanceolate to oval pointed leaves part have a width 5-7 cm and a length of 5 to 10 cm.

The axillary standing at about 15 cm long inflorescence stems, usually two to three times branched inflorescences containing part inflorescences contain five to six flowers. The color is bright yellow. Each beautiful bloom lasts a few hours. Most self-pollination takes place.

The partial inflorescence usually develop only two to three legumes. The rough hairy, straight legumes have a length of 4 to 7 cm and a width of about 0.6 cm. Each sleeve contains four to ten seeds. The glossy, small square and rounded at the ends seeds have a diameter of about 4 mm. The color of the seed is usually black, these are therefore called "Black gram "; there are also green shapes. The white concave hilum has a length of 1.2 to 2.3 mm and a width of up to 1 mm. The thousand grain weight is 15 to 40 grams. The seeds germinate epigeal.

Use

One can use the fresh sleeves bean sprouts or the dried beans. In India, the Urdbohne is one of the most popular beans. Because the same cooking time, it can be well combined with rice. In South India, a dough out of it is the basis for the savory breakfast donuts ( Vada ), and along with rice flour for dumplings ( Idli ) and pancakes ( dosa ).

The Urdbohne has about 20 to 24% ( by dry weight) of a relatively high protein content.

System

The first publication as Phaseolus mungo took place in 1767 in Mantissa Altera, 1, 101 by Carl Linnaeus. The currently valid name was published in 1956 by Frank Nigel Hepper in Kew Bull 11.128. Synonyms of Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper are: Azukia mungo (L.) Masamune, Phaseolus radiatus Roxb. non L., Phaseolus roxburghii Wight & Arnott. It must be noted that Phaseolus radiatus L. is a synonym of Phaseolus radiatus Roxb and Vigna radiata. a synonym of Vigna mungo is.

Vigna radiata belongs to the subgenus in the genus Vigna Ceratotropis.

There are two varieties:

• The cultural form Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper var mongoose ( Syn: Phaseolus mungo L. ( basionym ), Phaseolus viridissimus Ten ex Miq, nom inval. .. . )
• A wild form Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper var silvestris Lukoki et al.