Wilhelm Gottlieb Tennemann

Wilhelm Gottlieb Tennemann ( born December 7, 1761 Kleinbrembach, † September 30, 1819 in Marburg ) was a German philosopher and historian of philosophy. He wrote an estimated of professionals multi-volume work of the history of philosophy, which was reissued in 2010.

Biography

Tennemann ill age of five from smallpox often an epidemic occurring in the 18th century. The consequences of this illness affected his development. His lifelong weak constitution, together with his reserved manner disabled later his lectures. His father taught him. From 1778-79 he attended high school in Erfurt. He then went on to study at the University of Erfurt. He studied here at Johann Christian Lossius. In 1781 he moved to the University of Jena and attended events here by Johann August Heinrich Ulrich and Carl Leonhard Reinhold. He has been dealing with ancient and the still young Kantian philosophy. In 1788 he habilitated with the defense of a work in refutation of the Kantian rationalism.

He was Associate Professor of History of Philosophy at the University of Jena in the same year. He has published in Jena research results as the teachings and opinions of the Socratic about immortality (1791 ), four volumes on the system of Platonic philosophy ( 1792/5 ), an improved translation of David Hume's Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding ( 1793). In written by Carl Leonhard Reinhold initiation of Hume's skepticism has been recognized as a possible renewal of philosophical developments. This work was followed by the three-volume translation of Locke's Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1795 /7). In 1795 he began publishing his multi-volume work on the history of philosophy. In the same year he married Christine Johanne Sophie soot. Two years later (1797 ) he became a member of the Academy of Sciences in Erfurt profit. 1798 he was appointed the University of Jena associate professor of philosophy. In 1804 he accepted an appointment to a professorship at the University of Marburg. Here he published the two-volume translation by JM Degerando 's Comparative History of Systems of Philosophy ( 1806).

Work

His main work is considered the not quite perfect history of philosophy (1798-1819), from the floor plan of the history of philosophy for the academic instruction of 1812 existed an excerpt. After his death, edited and completed the Göttingen professor of philosophy Amadeus Wendt, published the incomplete disclosure. He used for handwritten notes from Tennemann. This edition was soon sold out. Two further editions edited by Wendt. 2010 appeared a new edition of his eight-volume history of philosophy. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel has criticized Tenne 's work in his introduction to the history of philosophy as too strong historicizing.

In Tenne 's history of philosophy it was the second release of a comprehensive history of philosophy from the perspective of a German philosopher. 70 years earlier Johann Jakob Brucker had submitted an initial history of philosophy. Pierre Bayle, Christian Thomasius and Leibniz had previously published the history of philosophy topics and conceptual reflections on principles of a history of philosophy. Bayle had confined himself in his Dictionnaire historique et critique it to write short articles and he presented contrasting perspectives on the particular philosophy represents the articles have been added in the form of footnotes by an extensive bibliographic apparatus. Other philosophers should as yourself can make a faithful picture of the source shown philosophers and their philosophies.

Tennemann followed in his history of philosophy the example Bayles. The extensive literature on individual philosophers was a treasure trove of philosophical history research. At the end, time sheets and a name index, which facilitated finding the relevant articles were located. Tennemann wrote knowledgeable and well- read.

Tennemann 's description of the history of philosophy was based on the fundamental idea that the history of philosophy advances and setbacks, detours and mistakes show to get to a particular destination. For him, this goal was the " self-knowledge of reason" and the " final justification " a philosophical science. This goal served as a measure of the importance or the marginality of philosophy. The history of philosophy was to him, therefore, the story of how the idea of ​​reason " materialize in matter and form ." So, for example, has " ... Brought philosophy, full causes of bold hypotheses and wonderful discoveries, progress of philosophical reason, and a lot of new views in circulation, to which the French language, in which he wrote usual, much contributed. " Leibniz The philosophers of his time, he described in the most matter-of- neutral way. On the representation of the ancient philosophies he turned without hesitation to the terms of the philosophy of his time. " Theoretically, we initially pursued a hypothesis after another until it was realized a system of rational knowledge as a task. " He characterized the Ionian philosophy. This was noted critically in research on the history of philosophy in addition to the recognition of his presentation.

Tennemann wanted with his history of philosophy also make a novel contribution to the development of the history of philosophy research of his time. It was important to him because to represent the person of the philosopher and his philosophy in context. In this context, he took into account the conditional nature of a philosopher by time history, culture, and national character education and the progress that has made ​​the idea of ​​reason in his philosophical system. This ambitious program was a result of the Enlightenment debates on philosophical concepts of history in the second half of the 18th century. It was never put back into the Tennemann 's expression in attack. Tennemann has received much criticism for his comments on these levels. Its formulated by him in the discharge criteria were then conclusions such as the following Nominalists: " Almost all of these were in their time ... bright people with no particular philosophical talent; ... " The Roman Epicureans he attested that they had been careless and lazy philosopher with a few exceptions: " Epicurus teaching ... found under the Romans a large crowd of supporters ... because it was so light and comfortable, did to the inclinations of no force ... "

Tennemann concluded his history of philosophy with the following view: "If the same suspicious ... the opposite directions of philosophical reason, which we see in modern times, all philosophizing " do "... so but such experiments must revive the hope that philosophising reason will sooner or later reach the true self-knowledge, develop the true method of philosophizing more and more, ... "

Appreciation and criticism

Tenne 's history of philosophy program documents a turning point in the process the expression of a majority of valid philosophical conception of European history of philosophy. The principle objective representation of philosophies was retained. It was used to make certain speculative philosophy of German idealism and historical principles of the Enlightenment demonstrable. Other principles were discarded. As a result, the connection between rationalistic embossed text interpretation, and metaphysical speculation on the didactics of university philosophy. The embossed continuity of ideas and timeless paradigms of philosophizing self- understanding of the philosophical science caused since the end of the 19th century, a philosophy of exclusion from the canon of other sciences. Representatives of the university philosophy are in the presence, among others busy trying to justify the resulting special role and defend.

Works

• Doctrines and opinions of the Socratic about immortality. Jena 1791. At Google Book. Just published 2010 Biblio Bazaar TB.
• System of the Platonic philosophy. 4 volumes, Jena from 1792 to 1795. At Google book.
• Translated by David Hume's Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding. Jena 1793. At Google Book. Just published 2010 Kessinger TB.
• Translation: Locke's Essay Concerning Human Verstand.Jena 1795 at Google Book..
• Remarks about the so-called ethics in Aristotle. Jena 1798.
• Translation by J. M. Degérandos Comparative History of systems of philosophy. With particular regard to the principles of human knowledge. 2 volumes, Marburg 1806. At Google Book. Newly published 2010 Kessinger Pub Co.
• History of philosophy. 12 gang, Leipzig from 1798 to 1819. At Google book. Just published 2010 Nabu Press TB, Volumes 1-8 ..
• Floor plan of the history of philosophy for academic instruction. Edited by Amadeus Wendt, a professor of philosophy in Göttingen. Leipzig, 1829. At Google Book. Just published 2010 Biblio Bazaar TB.