Zam (Hunedoara)
Zam ( Sameschdorf German, Hungarian ZAM) is a municipality in the district of Hunedoara in Transylvania, Romania.
In Hungarian, also the division of the town in Kiszám (about "Little Sameschdorf " ) and Nagyzám (such as " wholesale Sameschdorf " ) known.
Geographical location
The community Zam is located in southwestern Transylvania, west of the Transylvanian Ore Mountains, south of the Zarand Mountains in the historical region of the county Hunyad (county iron market ) in the chair district Marosillye. The place - a scattered settlement - is located on the river Mureş ( Maros ), the European Route 68 and the railroad Arad - Alba Iulia. The district capital Deva is situated 48 kilometers southeast of Zam.
History
The place Zam was first mentioned in documents in 1407. The Roman sculptures of Grafenburg Nopcsa which point to the Roman period, were - according to reports by JM Ackner (1856 ), I. Torma (1882 ), C. Gooss, I. Martian, G. Téglás and others - of Sarmizegetusa and Vetel after Zam brought. It is unlikely that there was in Zam himself a Roman settlement. 1951 most of the objects were taken to Deva.
The main occupation of the population are forestry, animal husbandry, agriculture and labor in the gravel mining on the river Mureş and in basalt and limestone quarry.
Once the place was also the center of rafting on the Mureş.
Population
The population of the municipality is as follows:
The highest population of the church today - and at the same time the Hungarians - in 1910; the Romanians ( 6392 ) 1900, the Germans ( 60) in 1890 and the registered Roma 1850.
In addition, in 1966 and 1977 per an inhabitant, 1992 23 and 2002 52 as Ukrainians, 1880, 1966 and 1977, one each, 1900 and 1956, two Serbs as designated. Almost in every recording since 1900 - except in 1910, 1920, 1941 and 1977 - also Slovaks were registered; the highest number of Slovaks (17 ) was determined in 1966.
Attractions
- The wooden church Nasterea Sf. Ioan Botezătorul, built in the 18th century, is a historical monument.
- The Castle of Nopcsa Laszlo with park, built in the 19th century, is a historical monument. The castle was once the estate of the infamous Nocsa family, said to date from which the robber captain FATA NEAGRA ( " black face" ), from which the novel "poor peasants " of Mór Jókai is.
- The wooden church Înălţarea Domnului, built in 1761 eingemeindeten village Micăneşti, is a listed building.
- The wooden church Sf. Arhangheli, in eingemeindeten village Almaş - Sălişte, the wooden church of Sf. Apostoli in eingemeindeten Pogăneşti village and the wooden church Cuvioasa Paraschiva in eingemeindeten Sălciva village, all built in the 18th century, are national monuments.
- The wooden church Buna Vestire, built in the 18th century in eingemeindeten village Cerbia, is not a listed building.
Pictures
Wooden church in Almaş - Sălişte
Wooden church in Micăneşti
Wooden church in Pogăneşti
Wooden church in Sălciva
Wooden church in Cerbia
Personalities
- Paál László (1846-1879), Hungarian painter