Carl Reinecke

Carl Heinrich Carsten Reinecke ( born June 23, 1824 in Altona, Hamburg today, † March 10, 1910 in Leipzig ) was a German composer, pianist and conductor. Under the pseudonym Heinrich Carsten ( part of his name ), he wrote texts for his works. Another synonym was, according to the mother's name, te W. Grove.

5.1 Stage Works
5.2 vocal compositions
5.3 Orchestral works 5.3.1 symphonies
5.3.2 concerts and other orchestral works

Life and work

Profession

His first music study was Carl Reinecke age of six with his father Johann Rudolf Reinecke, who made high demands. He made his debut in 1835 in Altona as a pianist, toured through Europe and was praised as " graceful Mozart Players ". Clara Wieck and Franz Liszt were his models; because of its restraint and modesty, he acquired but little for the role of a celebrated virtuoso.

With a scholarship of his sovereign, the King of Denmark and Holstein Duke Christian VIII, was Carl Reinecke 1843-1846 finance a stay in Leipzig. He went here after his studies, learned a lot of musicians and the Leipzig salons know and debuted on November 16, 1843 at the Gewandhaus as an interpreter of Mendelssohn's Serenade and Allegro giocoso op 43 for piano and orchestra. The former Gewandhaus Kapellmeister Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy helped him to public appearances. During this time, Reinecke also met Robert Schumann know and appreciate. The works of both composers inspired him and inspired his work: "I would not oppose the other hand, if you call me a epigones ," was the charming reply to his dependence on these models.

In 1847, Reinecke Danish court pianist. Due to the Prussian- Danish War of 1848, he had to return to Leipzig. Since he could not find employment there, he went in 1849 to Bremen, where he worked as a conductor and orchestral works composed.

At the suggestion of Franz Liszt Reinecke received an invitation from Hector Berlioz to Paris, where he performed as a pianist and Ferdinand Hiller looked back, a friend from the Leipzig period, who had become director of the Conservatory in Cologne, at the Reinecke then from 1851 lecturer was working for piano. There he cultivated a friendship with Robert Schumann in nearby Dusseldorf and met the young Johannes Brahms know.

From 1854 to 1859 was Reinecke Kapellmeister in Barmen. In 1859 he was music director in Breslau, where he first organized subscription concerts. In the same year, the Gewandhaus Orchestra in Leipzig offered him the lead. Reinecke took office in 1860 and it held until 1895. He also worked as an influential piano and composition teacher at the Leipzig Conservatory: In 1885 he was appointed Royal Saxon professor, from 1897 to 1902 he was its director. He also took part in the 1885 Stimmtonkonferenz in Vienna, on a single pitch has been set.

Private

1859, shortly before taking office in Leipzig, Reinecke lost his first wife, Betty Hansen, whom he had married in 1852. 1860, his half-sister Mathilde took care of the three children.

On October 7, 1860 during his second subscription concert as the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra, was a young singer from Berlin, Charlotte Scharnke, her debut at the Gewandhaus. In August 1861 she was Reinecke's second wife. From this marriage two daughters and two sons were born. The brothers Franz and Carl initiated later the publisher Gebrüder Reinecke in Leipzig. Died in 1868 and Charlotte, probably at the birth of French

1872 married Margaret Reinecke Schifflin from Krefeld. From this marriage two daughters were born; Carl Reinecke was thus the father of nine children.

After the surprising and offending him dismissal as Gewandhaus director in 1895 ( he was succeeded by Arthur Nikisch ) Reinecke found time for extensive concert tours as a pianist. Successful appearances at the Gewandhaus, which he had initially avoided, nor of 1904, 1906 and 1909 are known.

Two years later, 1906, Reinecke went on with his student Fritz von Bose and played Mozart's Concerto for Two Pianos in E flat major ( K. 365 ).

Stylistic position

Reinecke took music aesthetically conservative position. The Viennese classics, especially Mozart, were immovable models, with their interpretation he worked until the end for him. The Larghetto from Mozart's Coronation Concerto played the 80 -year-old Reinecke 1905 as the first pianist ever one on a Welte-Mignon reproducing piano. His familiarity with the subtleties of the piano has been widely appreciated. When Robert Schumann was once asked to make copies of his symphonies a version for two pianos, he replied: " I can not, because you have to ask the Reinecke, who can do it better ."

The musicologist and singer Hans Joachim Moser (1889-1967) wrote about Reinecke that he is " the circle of Schumanianer " belong - to the musicians so, who identified themselves in the sense of a romantic classicism with Robert Schumann's artistic goals. As a piano Composer Reinecke is in fact very close to Schumann, nevertheless are in his later works - such as the Piano Concerto in C major (Op. 144) - also compositional influences of Chopin and Brahms recognizable. Reinecke's Symphony No. 3 in G minor (Op. 227 ) is one of the important works of romance. The Harp Concerto in E minor (Op. 182) is part of the standard repertoire in competitions. Remained known are his children's songs and his compositions for flute: the romantic Undine Sonata (Op. 167; 1885) and the ballad (Op. 288 ) for flute and piano and the flute concerto in D major (Op. 283, 1908).

1888 published Reinecke in the publishing of Julius Heinrich Zimmermann his piano cycle from the cradle to the grave (op. 202 ), which was popular rapidly. Reinecke Arrangement for Flute and Piano has been lost; the flutist Ernesto Kohler reconstructed eight of the 16 pieces. In addition, collections for symphony orchestra and ensemble music published.

Honors, Memberships

Student of Carl Reinecke

Smith Newell Penfield (1837-1920; Composer)
Max Bruch (1838-1920; composer, conductor )
Oscar Weil (1839-1921; Composer)
Johan Svendsen (1840-1911; composer, conductor )
Mykola Lysenko (1842-1912; composer, conductor )
Arthur Sullivan (1842-1900; composer, organist, conductor )
Edvard Grieg (1843-1907; Composer)
Carl Piutti (1846-1902; composer, organist )
John Haarklou (1847-1925; Composer)
Sveinbjörn Sveinbjörnsson (1847-1927; Composer)
Hugo Riemann (1849-1919; musical theorist )
Arnold Krug (1849-1904; composer, pianist, conductor )
Dmitri Klimov (1850 -; ? Pianist and music teacher )
January Blockx (1851-1912; Composer)
Hans Huber (1852-1921; composer, pianist )
Charles Villiers Stanford (1852-1924; Composer)
Iwan Knorr (1853-1916; Composer)
Leoš Janáček (1854-1928; composer, organist, conductor )
George Chadwick (1854-1931; Composer)
Julius Röntgen (1855-1932; composer, pianist )
Heinrich Ordenstein (1856-1921; pianist, music educator )
Christian Sinding (1856-1941; Composer)
Richard Franck (1858-1938; composer, pianist )
Ethel Smyth (1858-1944; composer, pianist, conductor )
Basil Harwood (1859-1949; composer, organist )
Karl Muck (1859-1940; conductor, pianist )
Emil Nikolaus von Reznicek (1860-1945; composer, conductor )
Isaac Albéniz (1860-1909; composer, pianist )
Fanny Davies (1861-1934; pianist )
Frederick Delius (1862-1934; Composer)
Robert Teichmüller (1863-1939; Pianist )
Olga Zeise (1864-1945; composer, pianist, conductor )
Emil Kronke (1865-1938; composer, pianist )
Amina Goodwin (1867-1942; pianist )
Cornelis Dopper (1870-1939; composer, conductor )
Hermann Suter (1870-1926; Composer)
Camillo Schumann (1872-1946; Composer)
Eyvind Alnæs (1872-1932; composer, organist )
Gerhard von Keussler (1874-1949; composer, conductor )
Julián Carrillo (1875-1965; Composer)
Sara Wennerberg -Reuter (1875-1959; composer, organist )
Richard Wetz (1875-1935; composer, conductor )
Selmar Meyrowitz (1875-1941; conductor, pianist )
Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis (1875-1911; composer, pianist, painter)
Felix Fox (1876-1947; Pianist )
Sigfrid Karg- Elert (1877-1933; composer, pianist, organist )
Hans Franke (1882-1971; composer, conductor )
Leopold pride (1866-1957; Composer)

Works

Stage Works

The four-year post (op. 45). Operetta in one act Libretto: Theodor Körner. UA 1855 Barmen
King Manfred (op. 93). Opera in 5 acts. Libretto: Friedrich Röber ( 1819-1901 ). UA July 26, 1867 Wiesbaden ( Court Theatre )
Incidental music (Op. 102; 1871) William Tell by Friedrich Schiller
Kathleen and Charlie. Liederspiel. Libretto: H. Grams. UA November 12, 1870 Leipzig Recast: An adventure Handel, The Power of the song (Op. 104). Singspiel in one act Libretto: Carl Reinecke ( under the pseudonym W. te Grove ). UA March 18, 1874 Schwerin

Vocal compositions

Belshazzar (op. 73). Oratory. Libretto: after the book of Daniel, chapter 5 ( see also The Feast of Belshazzar ). UA October 8, 1885 in Leipzig ( Gewandhaus; Conductor: Carl Reinecke )
The Wild Swans (Op. 164) for soprano, alto, baritone, 3- part women's choir, piano, harp, 2 horns and cello ad libitum. Text: Karl Kuhn (after Hans Christian Andersen )
Children's songs (there are original compositions Reineckes that do not match a rule with the popular folk song melodies): It mills beside the rushing stream ( alternative tune )
Egg dear violets violets
Text My beautiful black beanie
Who has the most beautiful sheep ( alternative tune )
Kling, bells, jingle total ling ( alternative tune )
A small violin I'd like to have ( alternative tune )
U.v.a.m.

Orchestral works

Symphonies

Symphony in G major ( originated prior to 1850, as evidenced by performance reports in 1850, 1854 and 1858, is considered lost )
Symphony No. 1 in A major (Op. 79, 1858, revised 1863). UA ( 1st version ) December 2, 1858 Leipzig; ( 2nd version ) October 22, 1863 Leipzig
Symphony No. 2 in C minor ( " Håkon Jarl " ) (Op. 134; 1874)

Symphony No. 3 in G minor (Op. 227; 1894)
Children's Symphony (Op. 239)

Concerts and other orchestral works

Piano Concerto No. 1 in F sharp minor (Op. 72)
Cello Concerto (Op. 82, 1866)
Romance (Op. 93 ) for violin and orchestra
Piano Concerto No. 2 in E minor (op. 120, 1872)
Violin Concerto (Op. 141; 1876; dedicated to Joseph Joachim )
Piano Concerto No. 3 in C major (Op. 144; 1877)
Romance (Op. 155 ) for violin and orchestra
Harp Concerto in E minor (Op. 182)
Biblical images (op. 220)
Serenade in G minor (Op. 242; 1898) for string orchestra
Piano Concerto No. 4 in B minor (Op. 254, 1900)
Romanzero in the form of a concert piece ( op 263; ~ 1900) for cello and orchestra with harp (ad libitum)
Flute Concerto in D major (Op. 283, 1908)

Piano and Chamber Music

Andante and Variations (Op. 6) for 2 pianos
Fantasy Pieces (Op. 22) for Clarinet and Piano
Piano Quartet (Op. 23)
Piano Quartet (op. 34, 1853)
Piano Trio (Op. 38, Robert Schumann dedicated )
Cello Sonata No. 1 in A minor (Op. 42, 1855 Andreas Grabau [ 1808-1884 ] dedicated ) Versions for violin or viola and piano

Original Arrangement for Flute and Piano ( lost); partial reconstruction (1902 ) by Ernesto Köhler
Arrangements for symphony orchestra and ensemble music ( band)

Other

Compositions in: Düsseldorf songs album - 6 songs with piano accompaniment, Dusseldorf: Arnz, 1851

Writings

To revive the Mozart piano concertos - - A word of suggestion to the clavierspielende world, Leipzig: Reinecke 1891
" And some dear shadows rise to" - commemorative sheets of famous musicians, " Leipzig: Reinecke 1900
Master of Music, Berlin and Stuttgart: Spemann 1903
The Beethoven piano sonatas - Letters to a friend, Leipzig: Reinecke, 1st ed. 1895 3 strongly increased Auflg. 1900
From the realm of sound - words of the Master, 1907 ( a collection of aphorisms )
Experiences and confessions - Autobiography of a Gewandhaus, (written 1902-1909, incomplete handed ) hg. by Doris Mundus, Leipzig: Lehmstedt 2005, ISBN 3-937146-27- X ( autobiography ).

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