Chess Olympiad
The Chess Olympiad is the most important club competition in chess.
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The Chess Olympiad was launched by the world chess organization FIDE 1926 Tournament of Nations (German nations tournament ) to life and held for the first time in London a year later. Was the discharge rhythm first irregularly, every two years, the tournament has been held since 1950. It teams play at four boards. Initially it was played in pre -final and final rounds, since 1976 play by Swiss system in which equal points as possible teams against each other. From 1952, the competition of the USSR or Russia was dominated, which reached a total of 24 victories. This number is made up of two series of twelve victories (1952-1974 and 1980-2002), which ended the victory of the Ukraine at the Chess Olympiad 2004 in Calvia each with the non-appearance in 1976.
The biggest achievements of the German team used to be the Olympic victory in Buenos Aires in 1939 and the silver medal in 2000 in Istanbul. On German soil, the Olympics took place six times previously, most recently in 2008 in Dresden ( the event in Munich in 1936 is not counted as official Olympics because Germany was not a member of FIDE at the time).
Aspirations of the FIDE to integrate chess into the Olympics have failed.
Records
Most successful country is the Soviet Union / Russia ( since 1992) with 24 tracks, each with a twelve -time winning streak in the years 1952 to 1974 and 1980 to 2002. The player with the most applications at a Chess Olympiad is Lajos Portisch, the times took part 20 while 260 games played, in which he scored 176.5 points.
The most successful single player after winning percentage was Mikhail Tal, who won 82 points out of 101 games. The most medals reached Svetozar Gligorić in the team competition (1 gold, 6 silver, 5 bronze ) and Garry Kasparov in the individual competition (7 gold, 2 silver, 2 bronze).
The longest game was a draw after 190 moves between Yasser Seirawan and Xu Jun in Thessaloniki in 1988.
The shortest winning play lasted only four trains: 1 e2- e4 c7 - c5 2 d2 -d4 c5xd4 3 Sg1 -f3 e7 - e5 4 Sf3xe5 Qd8 - a5 White gave up ( Combe - Hasenfuss, Folkestone, 1933).
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- Professional players were first at the Olympic Games 1930 in Hamburg officially admitted.
- Between 1933 and 1937 Germany adopted for political reasons not participate in the official Chess Olympiads. Instead, Germany hosted in 1936 " Chess Olympics ".
- During the Olympics in 1939 in Buenos Aires, the Second World War broke out. Therefore, the English team traveled back prematurely, several players of the German team, but also other European players remained after the tournament in South America. Germany came with a " Greater German team " to, in the player from Austria were integrated. Several states refused to compete against the German team. The team fights Germany against Poland, Palestine and France have therefore given up without a fight 2-2.
- For political reasons, took 1976, the Soviet Union and other nations do not participate. Tripoli hosted a counter Olympiad ( Against Israel Olympiad ), which took place as the official FIDE Olympiad at the same time. Nevertheless, members of the FIDE were admitted there. Italy and the Philippines took part in both championships, the USSR and other communist states to neither of them. Uruguay lost three matches ( total 12 games ) in that the team came too late, respectively.
Ratings to determine the placement
While up to the Chess Olympiad in Turin in 2006, the sum of the board points ( 1 point for each games won, half a point for a draw, 0 for a loss ) was decisive for the ranking of the teams, it was decided from the 2008 Olympics in Dresden, first, the number of match points (2 points for beating a team, 1 for a draw, 0 for a loss ). In the match -point tie then decides as frequently occurring score 2, the so-called Olympiad - Sonneborn- Berger-Tie ( Olympiad Pairing Rules, Section G. Tie Breaking ). Here, the Board points scored in each match, with the match points that achieves the respective opponents throughout the tournament, multiplied and then added; However, the opponent with the fewest points Match is not included in this summary 2. After the application of which placement is almost always decided. If there should be a tie is decided by the sum of the match points of all opponents to the least with the match points. This rating 3 may be called in accordance with Olympics - Buchholz. Only if it still does should be undecided, decide the score that was first in line to 2006, namely, who has scored the most points board ( rating 4).
Month-end men
Place 1-6
Placements of the German States
In 1982, Switzerland was allowed to make as hosts two teams. The column that specifies only the 26th place of the first team. The second team played out of competition, would have occupied the 32th place.
In 2008 Germany was allowed to make as hosts three teams. The column that specifies only the 13th place of Germany 1. Germany 2 came on the 42nd and Germany 3 on the 35th place.
Month-end women
( 1) from 2008 Dresden: match points / tied score decides the Olympiad - Sonneborn- Berger-Tie
Placements of the German States
1982 was allowed Switzerland, are providing hosted two women's teams. The corresponding column shows the 26th place of the first team. The second team played out of competition, would have occupied the 36th place.
As host Germany in 2008 could also three women's teams. The corresponding column shows the 21th Place from Germany 1; Germany 2 came on the 34th and Germany 3 on the 47th.