Dolní Kounice

Dolni Kounice ( German Kanitz ) is a city in the Czech Republic. It is located 18 kilometers southwest of the center of Brno and belongs to Okres Brno- venkov.

Geography

Dolni Kounice is located in the valley of the Jihlava at the junction of Bobravská Highlands to Thaya Schwarza valley floor. In the north, the Vrch svatého Antonína ( Antoni mountain, 260 m) and west of the Šibeniční vrch ( Gallows Hill, 296 m) rises.

Neighboring towns are Silůvky in the north, Mělčany in the northeast, Bratčice in the east, in the southeast Pravlov, Trboušany in the south, Stavení the southwest, Nové Bránice in the west and Moravské Bránice and Hlína in the northwest.

History

The first written mention of the village was carried out in a deed dated 1046 of Chapter Stara Boleslav, which has proven to be a forgery dating from the 13th century. At the end of the 12th century the village belonged to the noble family of Kaunitz. The first certain mention of Dolni Kounice comes from 1183, when Wilhelm von Kaunitz, by Pulin called William, east of the village the Prämonstratenserinnenkloster Sancta Mariae allowed to create. Later the monastery was named Rosa Coeli. On December 10, 1185 Battle of Loděnice took place six kilometers south, in the Wilhelm von Kaunitz on the side of Margrave Conrad III. Otto suffered a defeat against the troops of the Duke of Bohemia Přemysl. On June 2, 1268, Pope Clement IV took over the patronage of the monastery Rosa Coeli. 1278 were troops of the German King Rudolf I in Dolni Kounice one. King Wenceslas II presented the monastery on April 8, 1284 under his patronage. At the same time he gave Dolni Kounice the privilege of a weekly market and raised the place to town. Below began on the hill above the monastery of the construction of a protective castle, which was completed in 1330. Between 1340 and 1360 Ausspannhof, which later became known after a visit to Charles IV as Karlov was born. 1423 the Hussites burned down the monastery. It never recovered it and went a hundred years later an entirely. The 1527 King of Bohemia winning later Emperor Ferdinand I hit the estates of the extinct monastery in 1527 to the crown lands. In 1532 he mortgaged the rule Dolni Kounice to his Vice-Chancellor Jiří Žabka of Limberg, which was also entered as the hereditary owner in the country panel on 9 October 1537. Ferdinand I granted Dolni Kounice 1535 the privilege to seal with red wax, called Rotwachsfreiheit. Žabka allowed the town to expand in 1549 and put on the way to the suburbs Nové město Pravlov Jiříkov to. His son Burian Žabka sold in 1561 Dolni Kounice castle with the desert monastery and most of the reign of Sigismund of Zástřizl. At this time gained the Unity of Mladá Boleslav brothers widespread. They set up in 1574 a meeting room, which was extended to the church later. 1571 received Dolni Kounice by the emperor to lead a Stadtwappens confirmed. Hynko and Jan Zástřizl members of Dolni Kounice on October 15, 1576 the privilege of mining law. Two years later she sold it to Zdenko Lev of Rosental. In 1582 the town acquired across the river from the later mayor January Tišnovský of Czynenperk the place Za vodou for applying a cemetery. Maximilian and Zdenko Lev of Rosental sold it Dolni Kounice 1588 Bernhard Drnovský of Drnovice on Rájec. This was in 1604 to build a town hall in Renaissance style. 1607 there was a stronger earthquake in Dolni Kounice. After the suppression of the Moravian Estates uprising Georg Ehrenreich of rye village and his wife Joan of Drnovice associated rule Dolni Kounice 1622 confiscated and sold to Cardinal Franz Seraph von Dietrich stone. Cardinal Dietrich Stein moved in the following year the House of Jarolím Plucar and had built a Catholic rectory in his place. During the Thirty Years' War, the town was deserted. 1654 was on the mountain north of the town of the Chapel of St.. Anthony of Padua and Florian. In 1674 still 81 houses were desolate. At the outbreak of the Plague 1678 220 Christian population as well as many Jews died. 1697 was a repair of the parish school. Ferdinand von Dietrich stone sold on September 30, 1698, the former Rosa Coeli monastery at Strahov Monastery. Until 1718 the Strahov Premonstratensian restoration work led by the monastery. A major fire destroyed on July 4, 1703 parts of the town and the manorial sheep. Also, the monastery located in rebuilding burned down. 1717 sold Walter Xavier Ditrichstein the 1711 acquired by him inn on the town. In 1741 the place was haunted by Saxon and Prussian troops. On February 16, 1770 Great fire destroyed eight homes and the manorial sheep. In 1776 the town was visited on February 4 from a high water and flooded 50 houses. Between the 1st and January 9th, 1799 attracted 15,000 Cossacks by Dolni Kounice. In the same year burned on April 30, nearly the entire Jewish quarter. There, 100 houses were destroyed, also with 38 Christian homes. On November 19, 1805, the French crossed on the way to the village of Austerlitz. After a revival of the monastery had failed, the Dietrichsteiner bought back the monastery in 1808. In the same year a blue print workshop, which later became the company Mossig emerged arose. On July 3, 1809 again attracted the French through the village. The stately brewery put 1848 production.

After the abolition of the market town of patrimonial Kanitz / Dolni Kounice and the Jewish community formed in 1850 two independent communities in the District Commission Brno. At the time, the Jewish community of 104 houses and 649 inhabitants reached with the highest population in its history. The new Jewish school was opened in 1854. On February 2, 1862 Dolni Dounice was hit by a strong flood that devastated 180 houses. The old town hall was canceled in 1870 and consecrated in his place in 1879, the new parish church. 1883 cast iron bridge was built after Závodí. 1880 lived in Kanitz 2802 people, of whom 574 German. 1887 was a social democratic local group. The Jewish community was united in the same year with the market community. In 1902 the construction of the road was carried out according Mělčany. On September 16, 1903 in Dolni Kounice opened a joint German - Jewish school with attached nursery. 1906, the Czech Kindergarten was inaugurated. Since 1907, there was a German school in Kanitz. On 1 June 1988 Dolni Kounice became a town.

Boroughs

For the city of Dolni Kounice no districts are reported. Dolni Kounice divided into the local situation Závodí and the putative Město city center on the opposite side of the river to the left of the Jihlava location.

Twinning

• Azay -le- Brûlé, France
• Caprese Michelangelo, Italy

Attractions

• Parish Church of St. Peter and Paul, neo-Renaissance from the years 1877-1879, it was built on the site of the former council house
• Church of St. Fabian and St. Sebastian Barbara, the former evangelical church grew out of a 1574 -scale meeting room of Mladá Boleslav brothers and acquired its present appearance in 1688 at the extension to the Church of the Congregation of the Holy. Barbara. It is now used by the Orthodox community.
• Pilgrimage chapel of St.. Anthony, built in 1757 by Franz Anton Grimm instead of a 1654 built and St.. Anthony of Padua and Florian consecrated earlier building to the north located above the city on the mountain chapel Antoni leads the Cross with 14 stations
• Chapel of St. John the Baptist in Závodí, the late- Gothic building was surrounded by a cemetery until 1947.
• Dolni Kounice Castle, the former Gothic castle was built in the 1320s the monastery to its defense. After the fall of the monastery acquired Jiří Žabka of Limberg in 1537 the castle and let them to 1552 remodel into a Renaissance castle
• Ruins of the monastery Rosa Coeli
• Jewish Quarter, on the western outskirts
• Jewish cemetery, created in 1680 on the southwestern outskirts, it was used until 1940. On it are the grave stones Kreisky family, relatives of the former Austrian Chancellor
• Synagogue, built in 1652. After the Second World War, the synagogue was used as a vegetable stock. Was reconstructed between 1991 and 2004. Since then, the building serves as a cultural center.
• Betsäule
• Two baroque statues of St.. John of Nepomuk on the market and before the Church of St. Peter and Paul
• Manse, originally built in the 18th century
• Town houses in baroque and renaissance style