Fiat

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• John Elkann (Chairman)
• Sergio Marchionne (CEO)

The Fiat SpA (often referred to as the Fiat Group, or Fiat Group ) is an Italian industrial companies and the largest car manufacturer of the Southern European country with headquarters in Turin. The acronym stands for Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Fiat Torino ( Italian Automobile Factory Turin dt ). Fiat to include the auto brands Fiat, Fiat Professional, Alfa Romeo, Lancia, Maserati, Chrysler, Ram Trucks, Dodge, Mopar and Jeep. In addition, Ferrari and its 90 percent of the Fiat Group.

The industrial division is spun off into its sister company Fiat Industrial since 2011.

On January 29, 2014, the Board decided that Fiat will move its legal domicile in the Netherlands and is to be traded next to his listing on the Milan Stock Exchange from 1 October 2014 the New York Stock Exchange. For this, the Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V. was (FCA ) founded on the Fiat SpA is to be merged at a later time. In addition to the headquarters in the Netherlands to Fiat Chrysler Automobiles for tax purposes nor a head office in London ( UK ) have. Fiat Chrysler, however, do not maintain offices in the Netherlands, but still control its core businesses such as research, development and finance of the previous sitting in Turin and Auburn Hills. As a motive for the future based in the Netherlands are tax benefits.

• 2.1 divisions, which went up in Group subsidiaries today's Fiat Industrial
• 2.2 Former divisions

• 4.1 Actual Brands 4.1.1 Bus
• 4.1.2 Commercial Vehicles
• 4.1.3 use of the mark in various markets

Group structure

The group Fiat SpA consists of the two regions 'Automobile ' and ' Components and Production Systems '. Around 30 percent of Fiat, the Italian investment company Exor holds, through its subsidiary IFIL, an investment company.

The automotive sector is made up of Fiat Group Automobiles SpA with the brands Fiat, Lancia and Alfa Romeo, and three subsidiaries: Chrysler Group LLC (using the Chrysler, Dodge, Jeep, Ram Trucks and SRT), Ferrari SpA and Maserati SpA. With sales of EUR 25.6 billion ( including intercompany double counting) wore this area about 43 percent of the consolidated total. The ' components and production systems ', which includes subsidiaries ' Fiat Powertrain Technologies ', Magneti Marelli, Teksid and Comau. It was 2006 - then sales EUR 12.4 billion ( including intercompany double counting) and a share of around 21 percent - the second most important area of ​​the Fiat Group.

The remaining activities of the Fiat group make up less than three percent, among these is the active in publishing subsidiary Itedi also.

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On 20 April 2010, John Jacob Philip Elkann Chairman of the Fiat Group. He is the successor of Luca Cordero di Montezemolo, who headed the office from May 2004 to April 20, 2010. This followed the deceased on 24 May 2004 Umberto Agnelli, since January 2003, held the Presidency upon the death of his brother, Giovanni Agnelli.

Chief Executive Officer of the Group since June 2004 CEO Sergio Marchionne. This was followed by Giuseppe Morchio, who also raised the claim to the Supervisory Board chaired by Umberto Agnelli's death. After Luca Cordero di Montezemolo was given preference for this position, Morchio left the Group Executive Board. Chief Executive Officer of Car Division has since February 2005 also Sergio Marchionne. This was followed by Herbert Demel, who had to leave due to significant differences of opinion on the reorganization of the auto division this position after only 15 months.

History

The Company on 11 July 1899 by eight founding members, among them Giovanni Agnelli senior, grandfather of Giovanni Agnelli was founded. The first model was the 3 ½ HP, were produced from the 1899 to 1900 about 20 copies. 1900 from the 6/8 HP was derived from the 1901 8 HP emerged. 1903 came the 12 HP on the market. In the same year began after the exports to France and England also in the U.S., and the annual production was 134 copies. 1905 Fiat took over the Ansaldi Works, founded Fiat Ansaldi, from which eventually became the Fiat Brevetti society.

From 1960 to Fiat developed into a classic conglomerate which built industrial capital goods such as trains, aircraft and aircraft engines, trucks and farm equipment, marine engines, and even power plants in addition to cars. Early the importance of services has been recognized; The company grew and in the insurance and banking industry. A known until today development of the Fiat Ferroviaria is the invention of tilting technology (sometimes called Pendolino ), which was used up till today in many features, including the (ICE -T and ICE -TD ).

The automobile production was expanded with the acquisition of other manufacturers. Only the small brand Autobianchi then 1966 Ferrari. 1969 was acquired by Italcementi, the traditional manufacturer Lancia. Although this company had some innovative products in the portfolio, but suffered from a chronic under- capitalization and small numbers of the luxury segment. Until the mid- 1970s, Fiat was next to VW the largest automotive group in Europe. During this time, serious mistakes were made ​​in the development of new vehicle models. Even the 132 was the 125 not replace, much less the 131 Mirafiori The Ritmo did not reach the 124 competes with the VW Golf the success of the 128, the Uno was again very successful, his replacement by the successor model Punto was then but late.

From the 1980s, the group ran into turbulence. Necessary investments in the automotive sector have been transferred to the commercial vehicle sector. The remaining range at the car fell short of expectations. So has developed during this time one hand of the agricultural machinery group FiatAgri CNH Global with the acquisitions of Ford tractors and Case Steyr, on the other hand, large investments were made at Iveco. The market share in Europe declined steadily in the 90s and reached at the beginning of the new millennium critical values ​​. Critics saw the main culprit in Giovanni Agnelli, the Fiat 2003 different CEO. Analysts agree that the grandson of Fiat founder, the company had severely damaged by misguided management policy. Umberto Agnelli initiated a comprehensive restructuring program to save the Fiat Group. The Agnelli family supported the utility themselves with a cash injection of 750 million euros. Just as the profound restructuring began to grip - Fiat brought new promising models like the minivan " Idea " with higher quality demands on the way - passed away on 27 May 2004 with Umberto Agnelli, the last grandson of the company founder.

FIAT Ferroviaria, in 1995, the rail vehicle business of the SIG. In 2000, the area of ​​rail vehicles of the Fiat group was sold to Alstom.

On 14 February 2005, Fiat reached an agreement with the American company General Motors to waive a payment of 1.55 billion euros on its put option. This Fiat GM could commit themselves fully to assume its auto division, where the Americans were already involved to ten percent under an agreement dating back to 2000. In addition, GM sold its remaining share of ten percent. This Fiat is now complete again in Italian hands.

After the dissolution of the increasingly stifling alliance with General Motors several new product-specific industrial collaborations were threaded - including PSA, Ford and Tata Motors.

For the final quarter of 2005, passenger cars daughter could Fiat car again recorded an operating profit for the first time since four and a quarter years. The sales of the new models are looking very promising. Thus, the Grande Punto was the best-selling car in Europe in the first quarter of 2006. In addition, Fiat received for the Sedici 7000 pre-orders within the first ten days, thus selling Fiat at a stroke two-thirds of the planned 10,000 units by the end of 2006. For the new Fiat Bravo (type 198) were 70,000 units planned by the end of February 2008 for sale, however, were already more than 80,000 sold in August 2007. Opened in 2006, Fiat 's new brands and experience world Mirafiori Motor Village.

The Fiat 500 was to appear on September 15, 2007, this date was brought forward to the 4th of July 2007, ie preferred precisely on the 50th anniversary of the introduction of the Nuova 500. As early as 1957 the first copy was presented to the President. The new Fiat 500, surpassing all expectations in terms of the volume of orders. Experts interpret this as a "sign of a turnaround, " and as " successful rehabilitation". Meanwhile, a second production line was opened in Mexico to service the North American market.

In August 2007, Fiat took over the financially troubled plastic parts manufacturers Ergom.

The Serbian Government and representatives of the Italian automotive group Fiat, have signed a joint venture agreement on 29 September 2008, by the Fiat takes over 67 percent of the Zastava factory in Kragujevac. In the modernization of Zastava almost 1 billion euros are to be invested. According to the plans of Fiat production of the Fiat Punto / Punto Zastava 10 or 188 to be increased under the new name for the year 2009 to 15,000 cars. Currently exist for the post-2009 plans, in the Zastava plant production or at least partial production of the new Fiat Topolino ( similar to the new Ford Ka, not to be confused with the Fiat 500) to begin.

The Fiat Group announced on 20 January 2009 announced its intention to participate in first with 35 percent of Chrysler Group. There should be established a joint alliance. On 30 April 2009, the entry with an initial 20 % was announced.

Divisions, which went up in Group subsidiaries today's Fiat Industrial

• Fiatagri to CNH Global
• Fiat Light industrialization SpA to IVECO

Former divisions

• FIAT Ferroviaria, rail vehicles (since 2000 the majority of Alstom, since 2002 to 100 %)
• Avio (formerly Fiat TTG, Fiat Avio ), airplanes, aircraft engines, gas turbines and pumps
• SIGEN and isoprene, power plants

Presence

On April 21, 2010, Fiat SpA announced its intention to split the company. After the shareholders of division had agreed at the AGM on September 16, 2010, the split was legally completed on 1 January 2011. Large parts of the group were in the Fiat Industrial SpA transferred, notably the areas of trucks, drive technology, agricultural equipment and construction equipment. The business of motor vehicles and components (Fiat Group Automobiles, Maserati, Ferrari, Magneti Marelli, Teksid, Comau and FPT Powertrain Technologies) was in the new Fiat SpA bundled. ALFA ROMEO it was announced as a separate group ( automobile manufacturers ). The shares of Fiat SpA resolved On January 1, 2010 at a 1:1 ratio into shares of Fiat Industrial S. p. A converted. Fiat and Fiat Industrial will now be traded separately on the Milan Stock Exchange. The aim of the break-up of Fiat SpA shall be given in accordance with the CEO Sergio Marchionne, the Fiat Auto division more freedom.

In 2012 it was announced that Fiat, together with Chrysler in January was able to increase its sales in Europe to a total of 6.9 % market share. This applies to almost all markets are affected, in Europe, the increase was 4.2%.

Brands and subsidiaries in the Fiat group

• Mark of an independent company before the takeover by Fiat, possibly previously in other activities of
• Brand of a company that is majority owned by Fiat
• Brand of Fiat
• Brand, division or majority sold or split off

Actual Brands

Car

• Fiat
• Alfa Romeo
• Lancia
• Abarth SpA & Co ( an independent company, 100 % owned by Fiat )
• Maserati SpA ( an independent company, 100 % owned by Fiat )
• Ferrari SpA ( an independent company, 90 % owned by Fiat )
• Chrysler Group LLC ( an independent company, 100 % owned by Fiat ) with the current brands: Chrysler
• Jeep
• Dodge
• SRT
• Mopar

Commercial Vehicles

• Fiat Professional ( Fiat commercial vehicles up to the size of vans )

Trademark use in various markets

Just as General Motors also offers its Fiat models depending on the market under different brands. Thus, in Europe as Lancia ( Voyager, theme, Flavia ) are from 2011/2012 Chrysler (200 Grand Voyager, 300, ) markets, conversely Lancia models have been exhibited as Chrysler at fairs (eg Chrysler Delta ). Thus, the Chrysler brand will be well represented in Europe only in the British Isles.

For Fiat Professional and RAM, such a strategy is under discussion. Similar plans for Dodge and Alfa Romeo are not yet covered concrete.

Former brands

• Autobianchi (used in Italy as a brand until 1995 )
• Dino ( For 6- cylinder mid-engine sports car brand, launched by Ferrari; 1967-1980 )
• Innocenti ( the early 1990s, the last vehicles were sold under this brand )
• Società Ligure Piemontese Automobili [SPA ] (1925 and 1949 finally adopted integrated)
• Officine Meccaniche Società e Fonderie Michele Ansaldi (1906 adopted as the Fiat Brevetti and 1909 integrated)
• Iveco (2011 to Fiat Industrial cleaved )
• CNH Global (2011 to Fiat Industrial cleaved )

Agreement to license production of Fiat cars

• Arab American Vehicles, Egypt (1982-1984)
• AvtoVAZ, USSR, Russia ( since 1966)
• El- Mashreq Company, Egypt ( since 1982)
• El Nasr Automotive Manufacturing Company, Egypt (1960-2008)
• FSM ( Fabryka Samochodów Małolitrażowych ), Poland ( Polski Fiat from 1932 to 1992, from 1992, Fiat Auto Poland )
• Holland Car plc, Ethiopia (since 2005)
• Mekong Auto Corporation, Vietnam (since 1995)
• NSU, Germany, ( NSU - Fiat from 1931 to 1973 )
• Premier, India (1950-1972)
• Pyeonghwa Motors, North and South Korea (since 2002)
• Seat, Spain ( Fiat plant in 1931, licensed production as Seat 1950-1984 )
• Sevel Argentina, Argentina (1980-1995)
• Sevel Uruguay, Uruguay (since 1992)
• Simca, France ( SAFAF, Simca - Fiat, 1926-1958 )
• Società Europea Veicoli Leggeri Sevel, Italy ( since 1978)
• Société Européenne de Véhicules Léger, France ( since 1994)
• Société Marocaine de Constructions Automobiles, Morocco (1962-2003)
• Steyr Daimler Puch, Austria ( Steyr Steyr -Puch Fiat and 1948-1961 )
• Tofaş ( Türk A.Ş. Otomobil Fabrikası ), Turkey ( from 1966)
• Trucks and Bus Company, Libya (since 1976 Iveco)
• Walter, Czech Republic (1929-1937)
• Zastava, Serbia (former Yugo, Yugoslavia; factory since 2008 to 67 % owned by Fiat )

Production plants

2009, there were production plants in Europe with the following capacities ( in three- shift operation, 280 days / year) and utilization.

• Lazio ( Cassino ), 440,000 cars / year, capacity utilization 24%
• Basilicata ( Melfi ), 430,000 cars / year, capacity utilization 65%
• Naples ( Pomigliano ), 290,000 cars / year, capacity utilization 14%
• Turin ( Mirafiori ), 280,000 cars / year, capacity utilization 64%
• Sicily ( Termini Imerese ), 140,000 cars / year, capacity utilization 36%
• Abruzzo ( Sevel ), 350,000 cars / year, capacity utilization 33%
• Poland ( Tychy ), 640,000 cars / year, capacity utilization 93 %
• Turkey ( Bursa), 370,000 cars / year, capacity utilization 67%
• Serbia ( Kragujevac ), 60,000 cars / year, 28 % utilization

Other subsidiaries

• Fiat Powertrain Technologies SpA (FPT ) ( Engine Development Group )
• Magneti Marelli Holding SpA ( Component suppliers )
• Teksid SpA
• Comau SpA
• Itedi SpA (Publishing )
• VM Motori SpA 50 % ( Engine Development Group )

There are also several hundred production and sales companies.