Shymkent
Shymkent ( Kazakh / Russian Шымкент, formerly Чимкент / Tschimkent ) is a city in southern Kazakhstan and the capital of South Kazakhstan region. It lies on the River Sairam, on the edge of Qaratau - ridge.
Population
The population is as follows: Kazakhs - 49.5%; Russians - 24.6%; Uzbeks - 15%; Tatars - 2.7% and Azerbaijanis, Ukrainians, Koreans, among others - 8%.
History
Shymkent was founded in the early 13th century as a trading city on the Silk Road and is now a major industrial and commercial center of Kazakhstan.
Shymkent was first mentioned in connection with the conquests of Timur. From the 15th century, the city becomes the target of attacks of Oirat and Dzungars, later, the khans of Kokand and Bukhara fighting over him. 1810 Shymkent is a part and the main fortress of the Khanate of Bukhara, but taken in 1864 by Russian troops. Beginning in 1864, Shymkent is a provincial city of the territory of the Syr Darya. In 1921 the Soviet troops finally pulled into the city. First, Shymkent was a part of the Autonomous Republic of Turkestan, from 1925 part of the Kazakh SSR.
Economy
The city lies on the Turkestan -Siberian railway and near international airport is located Shymkent. Today, there are 69 in Shymkent business enterprises. Particularly represented are petroleum processing, chemical production (including rubber), pharmaceutical industry (companies Chimpharm ), mechanical engineering and food production and textile manufacturing. In Shymkent is the largest brewery in Kazakhstan.
Education, Culture, Recreation and Social Services
In the city there are 77 general education schools, continue to three music schools, seven private universities and 25 private universities and colleges. There are around 100 sports halls.
In Shymkent 16 national cultural centers have a branch, including a German school. There are numerous museums, historical sites and cultural monuments. Archaeological excavations are carried out. Further, in Shymkent two theaters (one Kazakh and one Russian), a philharmonic, three cultural centers, two theaters, an art gallery and the shopping center Mega Center Shymkent with a skating rink, with designer shops and four cinemas.
The city has 8 parks, of which have been founded 3 before the October Revolution. Especially popular are the Abai Park of Culture and Recreation, the Techno Park and Ethnic Park, Aqua Park, Zoo and the flora. There is also an amusement park for children where there are, among others, a miniature railway.
Medically, Shymkent, with 21 hospitals, the sanatorium Karlygasch and some " centers for healthy living " quite extensively equipped.
Significantly, Shymkent is referred to within the country as the Texas of Kazakhstan. And not least because of the increased crime in the region ( proximity of the rich hemp - Chu area and the city's role as the largest hub for the transport of hemp to the west ).
Sports
The local football club Ordabassy Shymkent plays in the Kazakh Football League.
Twinning
Shymkent has partnerships with seven cities:
- China People's Republic of Baiyin, China
- Tajikistan Khujand, Tajikistan
- Italy Grosseto, Italy
- Turkey Izmir, Turkey
- Belarus Mogilev, Belarus
- Thailand Pattaya, Thailand
- England Stevenage, England
Sons and daughters of the town
- Kairat Aschirbekow ( b. 1982 ), football player
- Olga Dowgun (* 1970), marksman
- Farchadbek Irismetow ( b. 1981 ), football player
- Grigori Yegorov (1967 ), pole vaulter
- Ferusa Jergeschowa (* 1991), Taekwondoin
- Nurlan Jermeqbajew (* 1963), diplomat
- Aliya Yusupova ( born 1984 ), gymnast
- Nursultan Mamajew (* 1993), Taekwondoin
- Alexander Mokin ( b. 1981 ), football player
- Asat Nurgaliyev ( born 1986 ), football player
- Tanat Nusserbajew (* 1988), football player
- Jewstafi Pechlewanidi ( b. 1960 ), football player
- Oleg Sakirkin (* 1966), Athlete
- Beksat Sattarchanow (1980-2000), Boxer
- Jelena Schalygina ( born 1986 ), wrestler
- Beibut Schumenow ( b. 1983 ), professional boxer
- Andrei Ushakov (* 1963), Russian animation film director and producer