Todi
Todi is a town and municipality with 17 022 inhabitants ( 31 December 2012) in the Italian province of Perugia of Umbria, situated on a hill high above the middle Tiber valley.
Geography
Todi is located in the climatic classification of Italian communities in the zone E, 2193 GR / G.
The districts include Asproli, Cacciano, Camerata, Canonica, Casemasce, Cecanibbi, Chioano, Collevalenza Cordigliano, Duesanti, Ficareto, Fiore, Frontignano, IIci, Izzalini, Loreto, Lorgnano, Monte Molino, Monte Nero, Monticello, Pantalla, Pesciano, Petroro, Pian di Porto, Pian di San Martino, Pontecuti, Pontenaia, Ponterio, Ponterio Stazione, Porchiano, Quadro, Ripaioli, Romazzano, Rosceto, San Damiano, Spagliagrano, Torrececcona, Torregentile and Vasciano.
The neighboring municipalities are Acqua Sparta (TR ), Avigliano Umbro (TR ), Bashi (TR ), Collazzone, Fratta Todina, Gualdo Cattaneo, Marsciano, Massa Martana, Monte Castello di Vibio and Montecchio.
History
From archaeological finds and coins that shaped the city in the 4th and 3rd centuries BC, it can be seen that Todi was founded as an Umbrian settlement Tutere between the 8th and 7th century BC, on the edge the Etruscan territory. 217 BC it passed definitively under Roman rule. The name was changed in Tuder. After the Social War the city from 89 BC as a municipium belonged to the Roman tribe Clustumina, since Augustus in the 6th region of Italy.
During the Gothic wars, the city was almost completely destroyed and there was an occupation to 759 by the Lombards. This was ended when King Desiderius and Pope Paul I, the eastern border between the Duchy of Spoleto and the County of Todi, which belonged to the Duchy of Rome established a decree.
In 1367, Todi lost its autonomy, as Guglielmo de Grimoard, a brother of Urban V., appropriating the city.
By the outbreak of the plague in the year 1527/28 died, half the population of Todi, but the city recovered, as there was a rise of the episcopate of Angelo Cesi. The reform of Martin V., she belonged to the Papal States, and retained this status until the proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy and the founding of the Italian nation ( Risorgimento ) in 1860.
The already established in the 2nd century diocese of Todi was incorporated on 30 September 1986 with the Diocese of Orvieto based in Orvieto. Thus, this diocese was dissolved.
Attractions
Most medieval monuments of Todi in the center of the old town clustered around the Piazza del Popolo, which is surrounded by an impressive wall.
The Gothic Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta in the 12th century built over a Roman predecessor, probably a temple of Apollo. A found here Apollo head is in the Vatican collections. The present building, a basilica cruciform floor plan, created almost entirely from 1190 after a fire. The rosette is otherwise lacking in structured, almost square west facade was added in 1513.
Todi Cathedral Interior ( towards the entrance )
Todi Cathedral, Nave
Todi, square before the cathedral (Piazza del Popolo )
The governor's palace of 1334 with the impressive, yet slightly older Guelfenturm now houses the city administration. The bronze sculpture of an eagle that adorns its facade, represents the old coat of arms of the city and is the work of Giovanni di Giliaccio ( 1347 ).
Also located in this square, the Palazzo del Capitano and Palazzo del Popolo.
At one of the hillsides, the Sanctuary of Santa Maria Della Consolazione is ( the St. Mary of Consolation ), begun in 1508, a major work of Renaissance. Occasion for the edification was also here as is so often a suddenly allegedly miraculous image of Mary has become, hence the name. Often Donato Bramante attributed to the central building on the Greek cross is similar to the first design for St. Peter's Basilica. Bramante's employees can not be proven himself, but rather the cola because Caprarola, Antonio da Sangallo the Younger, Baldassarre Peruzzi, Galeazzo Alessi, Michele Sammicheli, Vignola and Ippolito Scalza. It was not consecrated until 1607.
This building is one of the few larger parish churches, in which the ideal of the Renaissance, the square and the circle, could practically prevail. Not Here - Frequently compromises had to be closed. Strictly speaking this is true but only for the lower part of the church. When the dome is to be felt, if you look closer, that here already have ideas of the Baroque became effective. Clearly visible is the square shape, grow out of the sides of the apses. The two-storey wall layout is divided here in the earlier built the lower part simple pilasters. A demand Alberti, the great theoretician of Renaissance architecture fulfilling, it was erected on all sides detached and outside the city.
Of the four apses includes only the northern round from the other polygonal. The 80- years later ( 1586) it set drum and dome are already pursuing other architectural ideas as the foundation. Here the rigor of the Renaissance is already loosened up and become plastic according to the principles of the now powerful nascent Baroque: There are double pilasters and niches deepened as additional wall structure.
San Fortunato is a local Saint Fortunatus of Todi consecrated early Christian church from the 7th century. The construction of the Franziskaner, started since 1292, stopped in 1348 with the irruption of the great European plague, so that only parts were completed, as the lower west side.
From the Cloister of the Monastero delle Lucrezie you can enjoy a beautiful view of the city.
Varia
In the headlines Todi came in the 1990s by a PR stunt: a study supposedly of Richard Levine, a sustainability researcher at the University of Kentucky, created concluding, Todi was "the perfect city ". Demand for real estate rose sharply, the prices also. Many Tuderti from wandering. After a few years, the situation finally calmed down. The city is a member of Cittaslow, a company incorporated in Italy in 1999 motion to decelerate and increase the quality of life in cities.
Twin Cities
Twin cities of Todi
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the town
- Cardinal Ennio Antonelli ( b. 1936 ), and Cardinal President of the Pontifical Council for the Family
- Roberto Bernardi ( born 1974 ), painter ( photorealism )
- Iacopone da Todi (13th century), Franciscans and religious poet
- Martin I. (~ 600-655 ), Pope in the 7th century
Connected to Todi
- Fortunatus of Todi, Bishop of Todi in the 6th century, Saint
- Philip Benizi OSM (1233-1285), saint, died in Todi
- Nicholas of Cusa (1401-1464), German philosopher, theologian and mathematician, died in Todi