A. N. R. Robinson
Arthur Napoleon Raymond Robinson TC ( born December 16, 1926 in Calder Hall, Tobago) is a politician. He was prime minister (1986-1991) and president (1997-2003) of Trinidad and Tobago.
Studies and climb to the Minister
Robinson studied law and graduated with a Bachelor of Laws ( LL.B. ) from the University of London and a Master of Arts (MA). He then worked as a lawyer in Tobago.
Robinson was originally a member of the People's National Movement ( PNM ) of the Prime Minister Eric Eustace Williams, whose treasurer he was in 1956. From 1958 to 1961 he was a member of the Federal Parliament, and from 1961 to 1971 and from 1976 to 1980 a member of the House of Representatives for the constituency of East Tobago.
1961 he was appointed Prime Minister of the Treasury Williams in his cabinet. 1967 he was appointed foreign minister. This office he held until 1970.
Opposition politicians and party founder
In protest against the racial policies of Williams and the problems caused by the Black Power movement, however, he left the PNM in 1970 and initially established the Action Committee of Democratic Citizens ( ACDC ) with the along with the opposition party Democratic Labour Party (DLP ) 1971 to inconclusive winning election boycott calling.
After the election, Robinson founded the Democratic Action Congress ( DAC) each won two seats in Parliament for Tobago in the elections of 1976 and 1981 in the House of Representatives. From 1971 to 1986 he was Chairman of the DAC. 1980 to 1986 he was chairman of the meeting house of Tobago.
Before the election of 1981, he made also with the United Labour Front ( ULF) of Basdeo Panday, the Tapia House Movement (THM ) by Lloyd Best and the Organisation for National Reconstruction ( ONR ) by Karl Hudson -Phillips, a with the National Alliance for Reconstruction (NAR ), a united opposition alliance.
However, this opposition coalition defeated in the general election in November 1981, the PNM under Prime Minister George Michael Chambers. From the local elections in 1983 the NAR, however, already emerged as the winner. From 1986 to 2001, the NAR decreed in the meeting house of the island of Tobago over the majority.
Prime minister
For the general election of 1986, the NAR went with the reigning until 1992 as Chairman Robinson as the winner with a seat share of 33 seats to 3 seats for the PNM out. On 18 December 1986 Robinson was the successor of George Michael Chambers Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago.
At an attempted coup by Muslim rebels of the " Jamaat al Muslimeen " under Bilaall Abdullah 1990 Prime Minister Robinson and several ministers were detained for six days with armed force in the parliament building hostage. At the liberation by units of the army Robinson was injured by the hostage-takers. After the parliamentary elections of 1991, the NAR lost its majority and on 18 December 1991 Robinson was replaced as prime minister by the Chairman of the PNM Patrick Manning.
On 9 November 1995 Prime Minister Basdeo Panday called him to Minister of Special Affairs and affairs of Tobago. In this office Robinson remained until his election as President.
President
1997 Robinson ran for the office of President of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. He was not only the first active politician who ran for this office, but also the first president who had an opposing candidate.
On March 19, 1997, he was the successor of Noor Hassanali President. This office he retained until his replacement by George Maxwell Richards on March 17, 2003.
Member of the victims Trust Fund of the ICC
On 30 November 2006 he was elected as the successor of Óscar Arias Sánchez as a member of the Executive Board of the victims Trust Fund of the International Criminal Court ( ICC). His term ended in 2009.
Awards
- Grand Cross of the Order of " El Libertador " of Venezuela in 1990
- Trinity Cross Trinidad and Tobago 1997
- Grand Cross of the National Order " Vasco Nunez de Balboa " of Panama in 2003
- Knight of the Grand Cross of the Order of " Orange and Nassau " of the Netherlands 2005
- Honorary Member of the World Future Council
Arthur Robinson has also received numerous other awards, in particular in the field of law, and honorary doctorates. On 19 May 2011 the Crown Point airport on the island of Tobago in ANR Robinson International Airport was renamed.