Acer tataricum
Tartar steppes maple ( Acer tataricum ) in Saratov Oblast, Russia.
The Tartar Steppe maple (Acer tataricum ), also Tartar maple, maple or steppe fire maple called, is the only species of the section ginnala in the genus maples ( Acer) in the family Soapberry ( Sapindaceae ).
Description
Vegetative characteristics
The steppe - maple grows as a deciduous shrub or tree, the stature heights of 3 to 5 meters rarely reaches up to 15 meters. The bark of the branches is always bare. The bark is gray and rough with ovoid or rounded lenticels. The small winter buds have five to ten pairs of imbricate overlapping scales, the edges of which are hairy.
The constantly against arranged on the branches leaves are divided into petiole and leaf blade. The petiole has a length of 1 to 5 centimeters. The leaf blade is with a length of 1.2 to 10 inches and a width of 1 to 6 centimeters almost circular, broad - ovate to elliptic- oblong. The leaf blade is rarely unlobed or with two smaller lateral lobes, youth leaves are sometimes three to five lobes. The leaf margin serrate to irregularly cut twice. The leaf tip is pointed, the Spreitenbasis heart-shaped to rounded. Upper hand, the leaf surface is bare and bright green above, it is initially hairy on the nerves. In the autumn the leaves turn yellow to red - orange.
Generative features
The upright, schirmtraubige inflorescence is 2 to 6 inches tall, pubescent to glabrous and contains some flowers. The flower stem is hairy slightly shaggy.
For Acer tataricum Andromonözie is available, which means occur purely male and hermaphrodite flower on the same individual. The Acer species relatively small and scented flowers are radial symmetry and fünfzählig double perianth. The egg-shaped with a length of 1.5 to 2 mm five sepals are hairy shaggy around the edges. The five oblong- ovate petals are white or greenish. The eight stamens have bald stamens. The extrastaminale Diskus is bald. The ovary is hairy intense to sparsely villous. The stylus is bald. The flowering time is in Germany in May, in China from May to June.
The winged nut fruits (Samara ) are yellowish - green and a total of 25 to 35 mm long and 8-10 mm wide. The nut fruits themselves are long and as long as they are hairy shaggy young. The two winged fruits are at an acute angle to each other to almost parallel. The only glandular hairy faumig späater bald wings are 2 to 3 inches long and often have a reddish coloration. The fruits ripen from September to October.
The chromosome number is 2n = 26
System
The species name Acer tataricum was first published in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum, 2, S. 1054. Acer tataricum is the only species of the section ginnala Nakai within the genus Acer. The system is non-uniform depending on the author, so that some subspecies are also listed as a separate species. Ultimately, it is a species complex, which can occur under artificial conditions or in the small areas of overlap hybridization, although the subspecies are usually geographically separated. In particular, the subspecies Acer tataricum subsp. ginnala is often considered as a separate species, see also Fire - Maple.
Piet C. de Jong took 1996 Acer tataricum on in the broader sense and distinguished four subspecies:
- Acer tataricum L. subsp. tataricum
- Acer tataricum subsp. aidzuense ( Franch. ) P. C. de Jong, Syn: Acer tataricum var aidzuense Franch
- Fire - Maple or Amur maple ( Acer tataricum subsp ginnala ( Maxim. ) Wesmaer, Syn. A. ginnala Maxim.
- Acer tataricum subsp. semenovii ( Regel & Herder) Pax, Semenov maple, Syn: Acer semenovii Regel & Herder
- Acer tataricum subsp. theiferum ( W.P.Fang ) Y.S.Chen & P. C. de Jong
Use
The strong autumn colors of Acer tataricum is visually appealing, which is why the steppe and the fire - maple are often planted in parks and gardens. There are several cultivated forms with respect to the leaf color.
The young leaves of the subspecies fire maple ( Acer tataricum subsp. Ginnala ) are used in China as Teeersatz.