Adalbero of Würzburg
The Holy Adalbero (c. 1010; † October 6, 1090 in Lambach ) was bishop of Würzburg. In the Investiture Controversy IV he made himself as an opponent of Henry a name and therefore died away his diocese.
Adalbero was the son of Count Arnold II of Lambach -Wels in Upper Austria today ( from the family of the Counts of Formbach ) and the East Frankish Countess Reginlint. He was born about 1010 in Lambach on the Traun River. After his studies at the Würzburg Cathedral School Adalbero entered the service of King Henry III. This appointed him in 1045 as the successor of St. Bruno at the Würzburg bishopric.
Bishop Adalbero allowed to continue the commenced by Bruno cathedral building and took the initiative of establishing the Neumünster Church ( 1058-1063 ). Groundbreaking services write to him the researchers in the reform of church life to. With the Benedictine reformers in Cluny, Gorze and Hirsau he had close contacts. From Gorze he took the monk Egbert, who developed an innovator of the Abbey Muensterschwarzach long-span effectiveness. Egbert, also called Eggebertus / Ekkebert, was until November 25, 1077 in the Benedictine monastery abbot Neustadt am Main. Until Harsefeld at Stade in the north and Lambach and Melk in the south, the influence of Münster Schwarzacher reformer spread. One of such reformed Benedictine monastery founded Adalbero also at the root of his family castle in Lambach. 1057 occupied Adalbero the Würzburg collegiate Sankt Peter, Paul and Stephan with Munster Schwarzacher Benedictines.
After the death of Henry III. Adalbero intensified its commitment to imperial and court days and synods, and distinguished himself as a counselor and mediator. 1066 he trusted in Würzburg Henry IV and his wife Bertha of Susa. Together with other princes he gave in 1075 the Treaty of Speyer.
In I broke out, the Investiture Controversy is Adalbero hit with all the consequences to the side of Pope Gregory VII, referring position against King Henry IV. Gregor turned against the practice that the bishops were not used by the sovereign and the Pope. However, the Synod of Worms argued with Henry against Gregory's idea of a universal church and declared the pope to be deposed. Gregor, in turn, imposed on King Henry the excommunication, which the latter had to play the famous " Walk to Canossa ." With the reconciliation of the counterparties in Canossa, the former dependency ratio of the bishops was committed by the king again.
In other princes Adalbero then called from 1077 Duke Rudolf of Rheinfelden as the new king. But the Würzburg citizens were King Henry remained true and prevented Adalbero return to the city. Henry IV began immediately after his return from the journey to Canossa in 1077 or 1078 Naumburg Bishop Eberhard as an administrator of Würzburg. Eberhard died in 1079 near Würzburg in a fall from his horse. Henry IV later appointed the bishops of Würzburg counter Meginhard II and later Emehard. Mediation offers rejected Adalbero from: One could kill him, but do not bend, he protested. In the spring of 1085 he was declared by the Synod of Mainz deposed and had to go into exile.
1086 led him anti-king Hermann back to Würzburg, where he was soon driven out again. Adalbero working, loyal to the Pope, further, was co-founder of the Abbey Zwiesel in Swabia and engaged in his monastery in Lambach. On October 6, 1090 he died in Lambach and was buried in the of his childhood friend Bishop Altmann of Passau in 1089 consecrated church. Soon after his death, he was worshiped in his Upper Austrian homeland as a saint in Muensterschwarzach his worship is detected since the 17th century.
1883, Pope Leo XIII. Adalbero officially as a saint for the universal Church, which was soon worshiped after his death as such. In the Würzburg Neumünster church is a designed by Josef Amberg 1948 glass shrine that contains a relic of a femur Adalbero. In addition, in Würzburg reminds the neo-Romanesque St. Adalberokirche to the saints. In 2010, in different places, celebrated the thousandth anniversary of his birth, especially in Lambach.