Al-Fatiha

Al- Fatiha [ alfa TIHA ː ] (Arabic الفاتحة, the opening ') is the first sura of the Koran. You will also fātiḥat al - kitāb, al -Qur ʾ ān fātiḥat and called umm al - kitāb. There are 25 other names or epithets to this sura. In the regular ritual prayers (Salat) of the Muslims, it is an integral part and is supplemented by other verses from suras. In many Muslim grave stones to inscriptions, ask the visitor to recite the Fatiha for the soul of the deceased find.

Classification in the ritual prayer

After the orientation to Mecca ( the qibla ) speaks of praying: Allahu akbar ( "God is ( incomparable ) great") and starts running while standing recitation of the Fatiha in Arabic with a praise of God and the expression of the search for the shelter of God before ( stoned ) Teufel.

Your join other verses self-selected the Koran to (often a short sura as the al - Ikhlás ) before the worshiper bows, then prostrates (forehead touching the ground ) and finally the prayer with the Islamic greeting ( Assalamu ʿ alaikum ) - according to Islamic idea of the two angels who sit on the right and left of the worshipers - finished. Before that, he can still - possibly in his native language - say a prayer ( Dua ).

Historical

The question of the age of the Fatiha is difficult to answer because the " specific Islamic atmosphere " here is entirely in the background, " could that be see the prayer in any Jewish or Christian devotional book," However it is not doubted that the Sure emerged already in Mecca and belonged to the prayer ritual of the first Muslims. Some Koranexegeten from the early days as Mujahid ibn Dschabr however, were of the view that the first half of the sura in Mecca, the second had arisen in Medina. The importance of this short Surah confirms the Islamic Koran exegesis; the Andalusian Qur'an commentator al - Qurtubi († 1272 ) dedicates this surah in his exegesis of 67 printed pages

Original text and translation of the Qur'an

1 In the name of the merciful and gracious God:

2 Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds,

3 Most Merciful and Most Gracious,

4 ruling on the day of judgment!

5 Thee do we worship, and we ask you for help.

6 Show us the straight way,

In prayer follows the formula:

The Qur'an has seven verses all counts. Who do not count the basmala, disassembled the 7th verse Kufic count as two verses. The verses end with the rhyme in the / īn; so that the rhyming prose ( saǧ ʿ ) is audible, is reduced at Send the grammatical -final. This pausal have the rhyming words in poetry.