Amanita verna

Spring amanita (Amanita verna)

The Spring amanita (Amanita verna) is a poison mushroom, which untreated leads the consumption as well as the Green Knollenblätterpilz death. The species was first described by the French botanist Jean Baptiste François Pierre Bulliard. Your Style epithet " verna " is derived from the fructification in the spring. This type of fungus is known as "White Knollenblätterpilz " meaning but also the Kegelhütige amanita (A. virosa ) and a white variant of the Yellow amanita (A. citrina ) can be intended.

Features

Macroscopic characteristics

( Unique identifying features are italicized. ) The fruiting bodies of the Spring Knollenblätterpilz is continuous pure white to satin white. As he has all Amanita species a limp vagina, it's big and baggy. The height of the fruiting body is similar to the cap diameter. The hat has 3-10 cm in diameter and a smooth, slightly sticky surface with the center sometimes ockerlicher staining. The slats are always pure white and not grown on a stick. The meat is without any special smell. The silky - fibrous stem is up to 15 cm long, thickened bulbous at the base and has a lobed sheath and often indistinct distinct membranous collar. The Spring Knollenblätterpilz not react with potassium hydroxide solution, which distinguishes it from the related Kegelhütigen Knollenblätterpilz.

Microscopic characteristics

The spores are smooth and elliptical.

Artabgrenzung

Confusion may easily occur with meadow mushroom, mushroom sheep and anise and mushroom. The best distinguishing feature are the fins; the mushroom they are reddish to chocolate brown, while Knollenblätterpilz always white. To avoid confusion with security, no young specimens of mushrooms should be collected, where the blades are still relatively bright or almost white.

Another safe feature that distinguishes the types of edible Amanita mushrooms, the stalk, which is always inserted into a concealed in the earth sheath. The stalk of mushrooms, green compacts and Täublingen other hand, is always without a cover or sheath. It should always be harvested, the entire mushroom body, so that the shell is not overlooked.

Ecology, phenology and distribution

He arrives in Europe in deciduous and coniferous forests especially in birch and spruce trees and fertilized rarely before August. It is missing in North America.

Ingredients

The fungus contains toxins from the class of amatoxins, which mainly alpha- amanitin. These make the way of one of the most poisonous in the world and lead to death from liver failure at doses of 30 grams of fungal material, see Amatoxin syndrome. In addition, the fungus contains other toxins such as phallotoxins, who are not responsible for the deadly poison effect.