Amitostigma
Amitostigma lepidum
Amitostigma is a genus in the family of the Orchid Family ( Orchidaceae). 28 species of these small, herbaceous plants are native to East Asia.
Description
To Amitostigma include perennial herbaceous plant with roundish tubers as Überdauerungsorganen ( geophytes ). At the shoot sitting two -leaves and a rare two leaves. The leaves are oblong to narrowly oval, it ends pointed, the leaf base includes the stems.
The terminal inflorescence is a wenigblütige grape. The flowers are 'upside down, white, pink to purple, rarely yellow. The petals are not fused together. The lateral petals and the dorsal sepal often form a hood over the flower. The lip is three-lobed, the middle lobe often something cut again. At the base of the lip forms a spur. The column is short, she is wearing the two -chambered stamen. The two pollinia are of mealy consistency, in small portions together adherent. They sit without distinctly developed stems ( Caudiculae ) directly to the viscid discs ( Viscidium ). These are surrounded by only hinted formed pocket ( Bursicula ). The separation between scar tissue and stamen is formed only small. It has laterally two appendages. At the base of the column also sit two appendages that are adherent to the lip.
Dissemination
Amitostigma is common in East Asia from the Kuril in the north to Japan, Korea and China to Thailand and Vietnam in the south. The " Flora of China " lists 22 species which occur in China, 21 of which are endemic there.
Systematics and botanical history
Within the genus of orchids Amitostigma is classified in the subtribes Orchidinae. The most closely related genera are Neottianthe, Ponerorchis and Hemipilia.
Amitostigma was first described in 1856 by Flower under the name Mitostigma. The name derives from mitos, "thread" and stigma, " scar ", since flower interpreted the lateral appendages of the column as an extension of the scar. However this name had already been used by Joseph Decaisne for a genus of Asclepiadaceae, so Bad renamed the species. He chose the negative prefix a-, as he interpreted the extensions as not belonging to the scar, but as staminodes.
The following species are counted to the genus Amitostigma:
- Amitostigma alpestre Fukuy.
- Amitostigma amplexifolium Tang & F.T.Wang
- Amitostigma basifoliatum ( Finet ) Schltr.
- Amitostigma bidupense ( Aver. ) Aver.
- Amitostigma bifoliatum Tang & F.T.Wang
- Amitostigma capitatum Tang & F.T.Wang
- Amitostigma dolichocentrum Tang, FTWang & KYLang
- Amitostigma faberi ( Rolfe ) Schltr.
- Amitostigma farreri Schltr.
- Amitostigma gonggashanicum K.Y.Lang
- Amitostigma gracile ( flower) Schltr.
- Amitostigma hemipilioides ( Finet ) Tang & F.T.Wang
- Amitostigma keiskei ( Finet ) Schltr.
- Amitostigma keiskeoides ( Gagnep. ) Garay & Kittr.
- Amitostigma kinoshitae ( Makino ) Schltr.
- Amitostigma lepidum ( Rchb.f. ) Schltr.
- Amitostigma monanthum ( Finet ) Schltr.
- Amitostigma papilionaceum Tang, FTWang & KYLang
- Amitostigma parciflorum ( Finet ) Schltr.
- Amitostigma physoceras Schltr.
- Amitostigma Pinguicula ( Rchb.f. & S.Moore ) Schltr.
- Amitostigma simplex Tang & F.T.Wang
- Amitostigma tetralobum ( Finet ) Schltr.
- Amitostigma thailandicum Seidenf. & Thaithong
- Amitostigma tibeticum Schltr.
- Amitostigma trifurcatum Tang, F.T.Wang & K.Y.Lang
- Amitostigma wenshanense WHChen, YMShui & KYLang
- Amitostigma yueanum Tang & F.T.Wang
Documents
The information in this article come from mainly:
- Chen Xinqi, Stephan W. Gale, Phillip J. Cribb: Amitostigma. In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven (eds.): Flora of China. BD. 25 Orchidaceae ( Draft), Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis 1994 ( Flora of China, accessed on July 8, 2009).
- Senghas K. (ed.): Rudolf Schlechter: The Orchid. 3rd edition. I / A, Paul Parey, 1992, ISBN 3-489-78622- X, pp. 212-213.
- Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase and Finn Rasmussen ( ed.): Genera Orchidacearum. Orchidoideae (Part 1). 2, Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford 2001, ISBN 0-19-850710-0, p 427
Furthermore, quoting: