Anton Diabelli

Anton Diabelli ( born September 5, 1781 Mattsee near Salzburg, † April 8, 1858 in Vienna) was an Austrian composer and music publisher.

Life

His father Nicholas, a native of Aurolzmuenster, called the baptismal certificate issued on September 6, " musicians here "; his mother Regina, nee Moser, comes from a family of musicians Uttendorf. The wedding ceremony took place both in the parish church of St. Lawrence on October 23, 1780. Father Nicholas was surnamed actually demon Italianate - anklingend to those of the composer Corelli - but its original name.

Anton Diabelli received his first lessons in singing, piano and organ with his father. At seven, he was accepted as a choirboy in Michaelbeuern monastery. There he enjoyed a thorough musical education, which he continued in 1790 at the behest of his patron Michael Haydn in the Benedictine school in Salzburg. This had Diabelli's compositional talent recognized, promoted and taught him.

In 1796 he came to the Wilhelm Gymnasium in Munich, a Latin school, because he should be a priest on his parents' wishes. In order to complete his theological studies, he entered in 1800 the Cistercian monastery Raitenhaslach one. Diabelli but continued to compose and was further encouraged by Michael Haydn.

When the monasteries were secularized in 1803, had to leave also Diabelli Raitenhaslach. He gave up his intention of becoming a priest, and now turned exclusively to the music. His path led him to Vienna to Joseph Haydn, the brother of Michael Haydn. In Vienna, he soon made ​​a name for himself as a piano and guitar teacher. He enjoyed not only the recognition of Haydn, but also became friends with Ludwig van Beethoven. This was also the Diabelli, his Diabolus, as he jokingly called him, the history of music made ​​famous: through its 33 Variations opus 120, a basically simple " Diabelli Waltz " ( Diabelli Variations ). It did not correspond to Beethoven Variations what Diabelli was expecting. He had this waltz sent not only to Beethoven, but to many composers, with the request to write about a variation. A total of 51 composers and pianists sent variations, except Beethoven, among others Franz Schubert, Archduke Rudolf of Austria, Franz Xaver Wolfgang Mozart, Moritz Graf von Dietrich Stein, Heinrich Eduard Josef Baron von Lannoy, Baron Ignaz Franz von Mosel, Carl Czerny, Johann Nepomuk Hummel, Ignaz Moscheles. The young Franz Liszt got a copy and delivered to a variation.

1807 came the Italian guitar virtuoso Mauro Giuliani to Vienna, and soon a lively artistic exchange, which was significant for Diabelli's work for the guitar developed. He has written works for solo guitar, guitar duo and trio, house and chamber music for guitar in conjunction with pianoforte and other instruments, as well as songs for the guitar.

1818 met the publisher Diabelli Peter Cappi know and together they operated henceforth a music shop and publishing. This company took over Diabelli in 1824 at the sole expense and promoted as a publisher some of the great composers of his time: Here are next Lachner, Michael and Joseph Haydn, Luigi Cherubini and Mozart, and especially to call Franz Schubert.

Diabelli died as a result of senile dementia in mental derangement. His guardian was Leopold von Sonnleithner. Anton Diabelli was buried on St. Marx Cemetery in Vienna. 1894 Diabelligasse in Vienna Hietzing was named after him.

Creation

Diabelli's well over 200 compositions include all music genres such as two - and four-hand piano pieces, teaching and study material for the piano and the guitar, orchestral works, chamber music, operettas, musical comedies, cantatas, masses, Offertories, graduals. Because of this diversity and the great opus number is Diabelli can be regarded as a composer of the first rank among the Viennese classics.

His church music was appreciated for its Eingänglichkeit and comfortable performability. These works are examples of a genre that wanted to serve the popularization of the post-classical church music. Especially his Pastoralmesse opus 147 and opus 107 Country Fair will be listed again today frequently. With his musical dramas Diabelli had less success against it.

To be particularly stable value his two - and four-hand piano works have proven without a doubt. They offer just for teaching appealing, educationally valuable study material. The progressively increasing technical and musical difficulty runs from the Melodic Exercises in the amount of five notes on the Pleasures of Youth and Sonatinas up to the delightful sonatas. In particular, the four-handed Melodic Exercises delight in piano lessons early popularity. Although the primo part just relies on five notes, Diabelli created here a melodically pleasing, harmonically rich and formally immensely diverse and varied piano cycle, which found much resonance to the present day.

Importance Diabelli but also as a composer for the guitar. From the time of his guitaristic teaching comes a guitar school and other educational works. For guitar solo and duo he mostly wrote sonatas, Sonatinas, variation works, serenades and arrangements of popular opera melodies; Chamber music in conjunction with piano, string and wind instruments and a large number of songs with guitar accompaniment.

Awards

Diabelli has won several awards for his life's work: The Society of Friends of Music in Vienna and Salzburg Cathedral Music Society of appointed him an honorary member, the emperor granted him the title of " k u k Hofmusikalienhändlers ".

Works (selection)

Music for Piano

Two-Hand

• The first lessons on the pianoforte, op 125
• Sonatas and Sonation op.50, op.53, op.85, op.117, Op.151 and op.168
• 100 cadences Op.154

Four Hands

• Melodious Exercises, op 149
• Sonatas op.24, op.32, op.33, op.37, op.38, op.54, op.58, op.60, op.73
• Rondo, Op 152
• 2 Sonatas & Rondo mignonnes militaire, op 150
• L' ami des enfants - 6 Sonatines faciles, op 163

Music for and with guitar

A guitar

• Funeral March on the death- of the Lord Michael Haydn for a guitar by his pupil Anton Diabelli ( WoO )
• 30 very easy exercise pieces for guitar, Op 39
• 24 Light Altwiener Landler
• Five Viennese Dances
• Four Rondinos
• Sonata in C Major, Op 29, No. 1
• Sonata in A Major, Op 29, No. 2
• Sonata in F Major, Op 29, No. 3
• 10 Easy Pieces (10 Morceaux Faciles, 10 Easy Pieces), Op 89 for Guitar (pour Guitare, for Guitar )
• Gran Variazioni sopra la cavatina dell ' opera: Tancredi, Op 104
• 12 Easy Landler (12 tyroliennes Faciles, 12 Easy tyroliennes ), op 127 for guitar (pour Guitare, for Guitar )

Two Guitars

• Variationi sopra un tema favorito, op 57 for third and prime guitar
• " The Frey Sagittarius ": romantic opera by CM von Weber: for Zwey guitars set up by Anton Diabelli
• Quatrième Serenade, Op 96 for the third and prime guitar
• Grande Sérénade, op 100 for third and prime guitar
• Series on " La gazza ladra " by G. Rossini, without opus numbers for third - and prime guitar

Three Guitars

• Trio in F major, Op 62

Guitar and Piano

• Very Easy Pieces I-IV
• " Grande Sonate Brillante pour le Piano - Forte et Guitare ", op 102
• Sonatina Op 68 for piano and guitar
• Sonata Op 71 for piano and guitar

Chamber Music with Guitar

• Serenade for Flute and Guitar
• Serenata Concertante, Op 105 for flute ( violin), viola and guitar
• Duo A Major for Violin and Guitar
• Duo in D Major for Violin and Guitar

Songs with guitar (selection)

• 1 music song
• 2nd tribute
• 3 memory
• 4 people fate
• Six Characteristic songs with accompaniment of Guitare and arbitrary Flute, Op 91
• Songs of love and tenderness with accompaniment of flute and arbitrary Guitare, op 98

Vocal music

• Pastoral Mass in F major, Op 147 for soloists, chorus and orchestra
• Country Fair - " Missa in Es ", op 107 for soloists, chorus and orchestra
• " Mass in C " for SAB choir, 2 trumpets, 2 violins and basso continuo (Berlin 2012)
• " Mass in B flat major " with Offertory " Jubilate Deo " for SAB choir, 2 violins and basso continuo (Berlin 2012)
• " Mass in G Major" for soloists, choir and orchestra
• Jubilate Deo omnis terra for chorus, 2 violins and basso continuo
• Puer natus est nobis, gradual for chorus and orchestra
• Angelus ad Pastores, motet for soprano, choir and orchestra
• Prope est Dominus, Opus 166 for choir, strings and organ
• Cantate Domino for choir, 2 violins and basso continuo
• " The mayor - choice" for five male voices and strings