Anton Kerner von Marilaun

Anton Joseph Kerner, Knights of Marilaun (* November 12, 1831 in Mautern, Lower Austria, † June 21, 1898 in Vienna ) was an Austrian botanist and university professor. He is considered one of the founders of plant sociology. Its official botanical author abbreviation is " A.Kern. ".

Life and work

Anton Kerner studied medicine from 1848 to 1853 at the University of Vienna, where he in 1854 received his doctorate of medicine. In 1855 he became a teacher of natural history at the secondary school, in 1858 Professor at the Joseph Polytechnic in oven, Hungary. The University of Innsbruck Kerner appointed in 1860 to the chair of botany. In 1878 he was appointed Professor and Director of the Botanical Garden at the University of Vienna. Kerner was knighted in 1877 and added to knighthood.

Kerner's classic, penned in the language of a specialized literary work " The plant life of the Danube countries " (Innsbruck 1863) contains unsurpassed descriptions of the vegetation of the Hungarian steppe forests to the summit forest-free areas of the Alps. He used new methods, described the layered structure of the forest and pointed out the relationships of the plant formations with air and soil. Kerner described plant communities in which species' united for certain groups ". He also introduced field experiments, with the aim to explore the climate impact of various height levels on the growth of 300 species. In 1875, he put on Blaser in Tyrol the first high alpine garden of the world.

Kerner was a supporter of Darwin 's theory of evolution and natural species hybrids kept for the foundation of variability and origin of new species. He corresponded with, among others, Gregor Mendel and Charles Darwin.

Richard Wettstein was as Professor and Director of the Botanical Gardens in Vienna, his successor, at the same time but also his son, since he married Kerner's daughter Adele.

Anton Kerner von Marilaun rests in a grave of honor in Vienna's Central Cemetery (Group 0, number 1, number 22). In 1900 in Vienna Landstrasse (3rd district) was named the Marilaungasse after him.

Writings

  • Lower Austrian pastures. Ueberreuter, Vienna 1860, doi:. 10.5962/bhl.title.15620
  • The plant life of the Danube countries. Wagner, Innsbruck 1863 ( 2 ( anastatic ) edition in 1929 by Friedrich Vierhapper ( jr. ), online at Google Book Search ).
  • The culture of Alpine plants. Wagner, Innsbruck 1864 online
  • Novae plantarum species Tiroliae, Venetiae, Carnioliae, Carinthiae Styriae et Austriae. . Innsbruck 1870 doi: 10.5962/bhl.title.9835
  • The botanical gardens, their task in the past, present and future .. Innsbruck 1874 ( read online on archive.org ).
  • The protective agent of the flowers against uncalled guests. Vienna 1876 ( read online at darwin - online.org.uk ).
  • Flowers and Their unbidden guests. CK Paul & Co., London, 1878 doi:. 10.5962/bhl.title.50866
  • Plant life. 1890-1891 (2nd edition 1896-1898, 3rd Edition by Carl Adolph Hansen 1913-1916 ).
  • Schedae ad Floram exsiccatam Austro - Hungarian specialty. 1881-1913 (Volume 8-9 by Karl Fritsch, Volume 10 by Richard Wettstein ).
Plant community Friedrich Karl Max Vierhapper Internet Archive Constantin von Wurzbach Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie Neue Deutsche Biographie Die Gartenlaube International Plant Names Index Otto Stapf Integrated Authority File
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