Anton von Troeltsch
Anton Friedrich Freiherr von Troeltsch ( born April 3, 1829 in Schwabach, † January 9, 1890 in Würzburg) was a physician and professor of Otolaryngology at the University of Würzburg.
Life
Anton von Troeltsch came from a family domiciled in Franconia, have emerged from the lawyers in the Bavarian civil service. He was the tenth child of the District Judge and Appeals Council later Christian Friedrich Freiherr von Troeltsch (1780-1851) and his wife Susanne, nee Baroness von Haller Haller stone († 1840). Because of the merits of ancestors, the family had been raised in 1790 in the hereditary baron.
After years of school in Bamberg and Augsburg put Tröltsch 1847 in Nuremberg from the High School and studied law at the University of Erlangen. He was a member of the fraternity of the " horror " and took as its representative in the revolutionary year of 1848 at the festival at the Wartburg part. After two semesters of science in Munich, he began the year after the study of medicine in Würzburg, laid in 1853, the medical exam and received his doctorate with case studies of the treatment of complicated fractures without amputation, then still a controversial surgical therapy.
For his service as a physician during the cholera epidemic in Munich in 1854 received a scholarship from Troeltsch, which allowed him to further develop first in Berlin with Albrecht von Graefe and in Prague with Carl Ferdinand von Arlt in ophthalmology. In 1855, he guest student in Dublin, Glasgow and London. There he studied with Joseph Toynbee and William Wilde (1815-1876) - Wilde was, as it was then common, both ear and eye doctor - know the British otology, their advanced knowledge impressed him and prompted to address this area of expertise. Even with a stay in Paris in the winter 1855/56, he presented a new concave mirror with a central hole view.
Back in Würzburg, he bridged the waiting period prior to approval as a general practitioner with anatomical studies and thereby developed a section technique to the entire organ of hearing intact to see the corpse. He succeeded in the course of these studies to demonstrate that middle ear infections in children occur much more frequently than previously thought and that of hearing disorders are often caused by chronic inflammation of the middle ear and defect healing. On February 9, 1857, he began to practice, first as an eye and ear specialist, as sought him out because of his reputation more and more ears sick, he soon devoted himself mainly to the ear diseases.
On October 8, 1857 married Tröltsch Auguste Julie Bauer ( 1833-1908 ) from Bamberg. With her he had three daughters, the second daughter Clara Elisabetha Aliena (* 1861) married in 1883 his favorite pupil Josef Georg Wagenhäuser ( born April 19, 1852 in Würzburg, † April 9, 1931 in Tübingen).
At the request of colleagues towards Tröltsch began to teach, first in private, now at the University. He has habilitation on March 2, 1861, and received a formal teaching assignment. 1862, the first edition of his textbook in 1864 the first volume of the Archives of Otolaryngology, whose senior editor, he was until 1873. On June 25, 1864, he was appointed associate professor.
In the German - Prussian War of 1870 Tröltsch was voluntary medical attendants at Wounded transports.
In 1879 the otiatrische Polyclinic was established Tröltsch could now handle spaces in the University Hospital along with Assistant sick and consult regularly for the practical education of the students.
From 1877 Tröltsch was suffering from multiple sclerosis and increasingly the practice and teaching prevented from exercising. In 1883 he handed over the reins of the polyclinic to Wilhelm Kirchner, his private practice, he was forced to close in 1886. He died of influenza on January 9, 1890.
Services
Developed by Tröltsch concave mirror with a central hole view has a focal length that corresponds to the spatial conditions of the external auditory canal. The worn mostly on the headband instrument facilitates together with a speculum examination of the ear canal and eardrum in reflected light and opens up new possibilities for the diagnosis of diseases of the ear. Until then, mainly catheterization of the Eustachian tube and auscultation and inspection of the ear canal were used for this purpose in direct light. The Otoscope is next to the stethoscope for over a hundred years a commonly used symbol for the medical profession.
Troeltsch's lasting contribution to make with the help of the improved methods of investigation of him, the results of new pathological- anatomical research, he actively operates also for the practical application in diagnostics and nosology fertile. Along with the more surgically qualified Hermann Schwartze in Halle ( Saale) and the known for the development of new therapeutic methods Adam Politzer in Vienna is Tröltsch to the founders of modern otology in Germany. He lays the foundations to explore diseases of the ear with scientific methodology and of otology to gain the recognition of an independent surgical tray. At a time when, for example, ear infections are very often not recognized or treated with inadequate methods and consequently chronic deafness and hearing loss in all age groups are predominant diseases in the patient population an ear doctor, the new diagnostic and therapeutic methods prove to you their usefulness and are rapidly spreading.
Troeltsch's teaching and publishing activity was of great influence on the further development of the subject area, in particular, his textbook on diseases of the ear and the Co-founder and co-editor, along with Schwartze and Politzer, the scientific journal Archives of Otolaryngology contribute. The textbook was published until 1881 in a total of seven editions, and in 1864 into English ( The surgical diseases of the ear) and in 1870 by his pupil Abraham Kuhn into French ( Traité pratique des maladies de l' oreille ) transmitted. The archive is still published today, since 2004, under the title of European archives of oto- rhino - Laryngology and Head & Neck ( ISSN 0937-4477 0937-4477 ). Several high school teacher and founder of University ears clinics are Troeltsch students, including Friedrich Bezold in Munich, Kurd Bürkner in Göttingen, Abraham Kuhn in Strasbourg, Dagobert Schwabach in Berlin, Josef Georg Wagenhäuser in Tübingen and his successor in Würzburg Wilhelm Kirchner.
Two first described by Troeltsch pocket-like anatomical structures at the eardrum are named after him, recess anterior membranae tympanic recess and posterior tympanic membranae also called front and rear Tröltsch'sche bags. He developed for manipulating the external auditory canal elbow-shaped toothed forceps is produced unchanged to this day and used it also bears his name.
The German Society of Oto -Rhino -Laryngology awards the Anton von Troeltsch Prize for outstanding scientific achievements in the field of ear, nose and throat medicine.
Quote
Writings
- The investigation of the auditory organ in the body Virchow 's Archive 3/1858 p. 513
- The examination of the ear canal and eardrum. Their importance. Critique of existing research methods and specify a new one. German Clinic Berlin 12/1860
- The anatomy of the ear in its application to the practice and the diseases of the ear Würzburg 1861
- Textbook of Ear Diseases Würzburg 1862
- The diseases of the ear, Their diagnosis and treatment: a text- book of aural surgery in the form of academical lectures by Anton von Troeltsch; translated from the German and edited by D. B. St. John Roosa. New York: William Wood, 1864