Bernhard Plockhorst
Bernhard Plockhorst ( born March 2, 1825 Braunschweig, † May 18, 1907 in Berlin) was a German painter and printmaker.
While Plockhorst only experts is now known in Germany, his Christ - representations are in the United States continues to be very popular, where they are traded as a poster lively and adorn numerous churches and houses.
Life
First Plockhorst graduated at the Collegium Carolinum in Brunswick a five- year apprenticeship as a lithographer. In Leipzig he came in contact with Piloty who persuaded him to go for a year with him to the Munich Academy, where he copied the pictures of Rubens and Titian also on the Old Pinatkothek. After the time in Munich Plockhorst 1853 moved to Paris, where he continued his studies under Thomas Couture. Following study trips to Belgium, Holland and Italy, he settled in Berlin, where he painted a series of portraits, at the same time but with a large painting his talent for religious painting revealed ( Mary and John of the grave of Christ returning ), which he since been used in the first row. From 1866 to 1869 he was professor at the Grand Ducal Saxon School of Arts Weimar, where, among other things, as a teacher of the painter Otto Piltz. Then Plockhorst returned to Berlin. His final resting place he found on the South West Stahnsdorf.
Work
Plockhorst was a representative of the art direction of the romantic school of the (late) Nazarenes resorted ( together with the other religious painters and representatives of the Protestant faith as Karl Gottfried Pfannschmidt and Heinrich Hofmann ), which influenced by the Pre-Raphaelites to Art themes of the Middle Ages. At the same time he is also in the growing industrialization and partly also " kitsch " of the Nazarene art.
Religious topics
1872 -fed Plockhorst the Berlin exhibition with a picture, which was considered his major work soon: Archangel Michael fighting with Satan over the body of Moses, now city museum of Cologne. This was followed by a painted on behalf of the Prussian Ministry of Culture altarpiece, Christ's resurrection for the cathedral to Marienwerderstraße.
Other works showed Christ's farewell to his mother, Christ on the road to Emmaus, Christ to Mary Magdalene, suspension of Moses, Finding of Moses, Let the little children come to me, Luther appears on Christmas Eve (1887 ), The Adulteress before Christ (Moscow, formerly Gallery Lowenstein ). Plock Horst 1886 issued guardian angel with two children on the brink was a thousand times disseminated as color lithography and had the further development of the popular guardian angel pictures big impact.
In 1883 he created the altarpiece with a depiction of Christ for the newly built Immanuel church in Berlin.
Glass window after paintings by Plockhorst decorate several churches in the U.S., so in the Emmanuel Episcopal Church in Shawnee, Oklahoma: The birth, in the First Congregational Church UCC, Owosso, Michigan: Moses handed Aaron at Mount Sinai the Ten Commandments, in the Stanford Memorial Church, Stanford University, California: the Flight into Egypt and the Zion Lutheran Church, Baltimore, Maryland: the Good Shepherd.
His oil painting Noli me tangere experienced a remarkable fate: The 2 square meter image was originally painted for a German Court, and was then sold to England. In 1880, the first major World's Fair was held in Melbourne and Plock Horst's paintings should be exhibited in the so-called German Court. On the way from England to Australia, however, the transport ship sank Sorata 80 km south of Adelaide. Although the work was saved, however, was completely encrusted with a white layer. It looked as though the sea water corrodes the paint particles. In this state, the picture finally came to the World's Fair, where it sold in charge of the German paintings Professor rouleaux to the art dealer Alexander Fletcher (1837-1914) at a bargain price. Fletcher brought his restorer Peacock. He found out that the white layer dated from the plaster remnants of the frame. Peacock could remove easily and the colors intact resurfaced. Fletcher sold the restored image then for a considerable prize at the National Gallery of Victoria. Through its clever coup was reported at that time in detail in the three largest daily newspapers in Melbourne.
Portraits
1857 created Plockhorst a portrait of the musician Franz Liszt, and also numerous other Portraits Central German princes, including the Emperor Wilhelm I and Empress Augusta ( Berlin National Gallery ) and other important witnesses, such as the eminent Leipzig publisher couple Tauchnitz ( " Tauchnitz Edition " ), David Hanse husband and the children of course Man family. From 1859 comes the portrait of the wife of the publisher spamer, Leipzig. A life-size portrait of the Leipzig Freeman Carl lamp is privately owned by the family.
Illustrations
As part of the Tauchnitzeditions Plockhorst drew different title pages and frontispieces, such as Three Tales for Girls of Dinah Maria Mulock Craik English writer Charlotte M. Yonge and The Little Duke or Richard the Fearless. Ben Sylvester's Word (1861 ).
Had Sweeping success for his illustrations From Bethlehem to Calvary. The life of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ according to the four Evangelists by Karl von Gerok (1881 ), of which 1882 appeared a Danish edition with a text by CD Wirsén.
For the " new jubilee edition " by Philipp Spitta psaltery and harp he created together with F. Walker 24 frames, the portrait Spitta, illustrations, and 42 initials.