Bernhard von Gudden
Johann Bernhard Aloys Gudden, since 1875 Knights of Gudden ( born June 7, 1824 in Kleve, † June 13, 1886 in Würmsee, today's Lake Starnberg near Castle Berg) was a German physician.
Life
The Guts and brewery owner 's son Bernhard Gudden studied from 1843 in Bonn initially for one semester theology and then medicine. He became a member of the union Burschenschaft Fridericia, but came out on December 11 in 1845 and founded eleven like-minded Bonn fraternity Franconia, the first speaker he was. His doctor exam, he put 1848 in Halle from. Then he completed the study in Berlin. In Siegburg he was trained as a psychiatrist. Mentally ill patients until the end of the 19th century rather custody and imprisoned as handled. Brute force, coercive and degrading punishments were the means of immobilization of the patient. In addition, the staff of the then " asylums " was not qualified; lacked a sick nursing training for dealing with mentally ill patients. The guards used in the asylums were predominantly by rawness and brutality.
From 1852 he worked as an assistant doctor in the Baden asylum Illenau at Achern. From the beginning of his professional career in itself Gudden continued to press for a decent accommodation and the personality of the patient respectful handling of the doctors and nursing staff in compliance with the coming of the British psychiatry "no -restraint principle " ( Engl. about: " a principle of non- bondage "). In April 1855 he was appointed head of the royal Bavarian district mental hospital Werneck, here was the establishment of the newly opened establishment in Werneck Castle his first task. Contrast to the former type of recruitment for asylums presented Gudden as nursing staff formerly used as a medical forces soldiers. This, not the previous " treatment traditions " arrested nurse, noticed that demanded by Gudden new housing and care principles from the beginning.
1869 moved Gudden as the first director of the psychiatric clinic opened in 1870 Burgholzli to Zurich, where he received a professorship of psychiatry. Also since 1869 Gudden was successor of Wilhelm Griesinger and Carl Westphal editor of the Archives of Psychiatry and Nervous Diseases. During this time (1871 ) he was also a member of the forced lots society Munich, from 1885 until his death he was Managing Director of the Company. 1873 Gudden became a full professor at the University of Munich and director of the Oberbaÿerischen District Mental Hospital Munich. Gudden was one of the prominent psychiatrist pre -Freud- time. It was in 1875 awarded the Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown and levied under the Order Statutes in the personal nobility. Gudden also was Obermedizinalrat Royal and Professor at the University.
Gudden played a significant role in deposing of King Ludwig II of Bavaria. He authored the report, which was the official justification for the disenfranchisement of the King, merely on the basis of the evaluation of the treatment records; a personal assessment of the patient by the doctor did not take place. From Gudden took about the same time with the king 's death in Lake Starnberg, where the circumstances are discussed correspondingly controversial. On the basis of injuries and other marks on the clothes and in the seabed was seen that between two previously there had been a struggle. His grave is still (as of 2011 ) at the Munich Ostfriedhof obtained ( grave wall on the left No.5 ). According to new findings his opinion was untenable: Professor Heinz Häfner of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences, founder and longtime head of the Central Institute of Mental Health in Mannheim, has allowed to see the "secret home archive" of the royal family of Bavaria and also material from previously unpublished sources, Diet shorthand and archives compiled and thus " the case Ludwig" rolled up again. The diagnosis was Gudden on paranoia and mental weakness. " This conclusion is no longer tenable today," said Haefner. After the study of the sources had to prove beyond doubt that when Ludwig II no signs of mental weakness and a paranoid psychosis templates, writes Ärztezeitung.
Bernard of Gudden was in 1855 married to Clarissa Voigt (* October 4, 1833 † March 10, 1894 ). She was the granddaughter of the psychiatrist Maximilian Jacobi (1775-1858), whose assistant physician was Gudden of 1848-51 in Siegburg. Bernard's mother was Anna Frederike Petrina Claudius, a daughter of the poet Mathias Claudius. To Gudden nine children include the student Gudden Ernst (1856-1875), the painter Max Gudden (1859-1893), neurologist Clemens Gudden (1861-1931), the painter Rudolf Gudden (1863-1935), the psychiatrist Hans Gudden (1866 born -1940 ), the widow of Paul Knight (painter) Emma Knight Gudden ( 1865-1931 ) and Anna Gudden, wife of Nuremberg psychiatrist and university professor Hubert von Grashey ( 1839-1914 ) and mother of the radiologist Grashey Rudolf ( 1876-1950 ).
Quotes
" First, then, anatomy and physiology, then, if it begins physiology, it is not without anatomy. "
Award
- Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown ( Ritter)
Works
- Contributions to the doctrine of Scabies see also http://edocs.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/volltexte/2007/9217/
- Experimental studies of skull growth