Boris Andreyev (cosmonaut)
Boris Dmitrievich Andreyev (Russian Борис Дмитриевич Андреев; born October 6, 1940 in Moscow, Russian SFSR ) is a former Soviet cosmonaut, who was substitute on several space flights, but was never used.
ZKBEM and application as a cosmonaut
Andreyev studied at the Moscow State Technical University " N. E. Bauman, " which he left in 1964 as a graduate engineer. As of November 18, 1965, he worked at the Central Design Office for experimental engineering ( ZKBEM ), the former OKB -1, which was still being conducted at this time by Sergei Korolev, and in which the Soyuz spacecraft were constructed.
Some engineers ZKBEM had already changed for cosmonaut corps and five of them ( Konstantin Feoktistow, Alexei Eliseev, Valery Kubasov, Vladislav Volkov and Viktor Pazajew ) had come to space flights, when Andreyev 1971 competed as a cosmonaut. He was adopted on March 22, 1972 along with three other engineers and three doctors.
The time as a cosmonaut
The Apollo -Soyuz Test Project
After basic training Andreyev was in December 1972 the Apollo -Soyuz Test Project ( ASTP ), the first international space flight cooperation allotted, which was at that time in the planning phase. The Soviet space agency put together four teams of two, each consisting of a pilot and an engineer. Andreev made it to the pilot Vladimir Dzhanibekov a team.
In preparation was in July 1973, a stay at the Johnson Space Center in Houston, in which Andreyev trained along with American astronaut.
After the ASTP - 7K -TM variant of the Soyuz spacecraft had carried out two unmanned test flights, a manned flight preparation was planned with Soyuz 16, in which the entire program of the ASTP was simulated by the Soviet side. Dzhanibekov and Andreyev were doing the backup crew for the crew Filipchenko and Rukavishnikov. The flight took place in December 1974. During the actual ASTP flight with Soyuz 19 in July 1975 Andreyev belonged to the support team.
Soyuz 22
For the Apollo -Soyuz Test Project, the Soviet Union had made several copies of the variant 7K- TM of the Soyuz spacecraft, which was not suitable for coupling with a Salyut space station. After completion of the ASTP the last remaining copy for Earth observation mission Soyuz 22 was used. Andreyev was assigned to the pilot Leonid Popov and formed with him in January 1976, the support team. Both the cosmonaut Vladimir Aksenov, who flew the mission in September 1976 and his replacement Gennadi Strekalow were engineers from the same development office as Andreev, but were only a year after he joined the cosmonaut corps to.
Salyut 6
From October 1976 to Popov and Andreyev were preparing for a flight to the new Salyut 6 space station. Since, however, failed the first approach with Soyuz 25 in October 1977, a new rule was introduced that at least one of the Sojusflügen cosmonauts had to have space flight experience already. Since neither Popov still Andreyev Been to All, this two-person team was disbanded. Vyacheslav Andreev got Sudow assigned as new commander. Sudow and Andreyev formed in January 1978, the support team for the third crew of Salyut 6, Salyut 6 EO -3, which launched in February 1979. Then they moved to the backup crew of the fourth crew to Salyut 6 EO -4. After the flight engineer Valentin Lebedev provided injured during preparation, Sudow and Andreyev were temporarily provided even as a main occupation, but were replaced shortly before the start by Popov and Valery Rjumin.
The fifth crew of the space station Sudow and Andreyev were not an option because it requires a specially trained team of new three-seat version of the Soyuz spacecraft and was planned, which flew the mission Soyuz T -3 in November 1980. Sudow and Andreyev was to be used as a main occupation for the nächsete mission Soyuz T -4. As a result of the training but the original backup crew Kovalyonok / Savinykh was selected as a first team just before the start in March 1981. This was the last crew of the Salyut 6
Following the departure
After an accident, skydiving Andreyev had to leave the cosmonaut corps in September 1983. He had participated in six space flights without getting a single time used. But when connecting speakers in the control room, he remained the space program kept until he retired in August 1993.
Private
Andreyev is married to his second wife and has two children.