Campanian vase painting

The Campanian vase painting was one of the five regional styles of the red-figure vase painting - unteritalisch. Together with the Apulian pottery she made a closer stylistic Community.

In Campania BC red-figure vases were produced in the 5th and 4th century. On the sand-colored to light brown clay of Campania, he was brighter than the other clays of southern Italy, a thin coating applied to a pink to red hue takes after firing and the Attic vase comes very close. On him the much-used bright top colors seemed particularly good. Women are often characterized by the order of white color on the skin. Campanian vase painters preferred smaller vessel types rather, were added hydriai and bell krater. As a leading form of Campania applies the Bügelhenkelamphora. Many vessel shapes that were typical of the Apulian pottery were missing, so volutes and Kolonettenkratere, Lutrophoren, rhytons and Nestoriden; Peliken are rare. The repertoire of motifs is limited. Shown youth and female figures, Thiasos scenes, bird and animal images, especially indigenous and Samnite warriors and women. On the backs often are draped youths. Mythological scenes and depictions that are associated with the grave cult, play a reduced role than in Apulia. Naiskos scenes, ornamental elements and polychromy are taken only from about 340 BC under Apulian influence. The bell-shaped flowers on the vessels are very different from the ornaments of the other South Italian styles. With 4,000 known species of the Campanian after the Apulian the second largest of the South Italian pottery style.

From before the immigration of Sicilian potters in the second quarter of the 4th century BC, which established several workshops in Campania, there is only the workshop of the Owl - Pillar Group from the second half of the 5th century BC known. They imitated Attic red-figure - models. The Campanian vase painting is divided into three main groups:

The first group is represented by the workshop of the Kassandra Painter from Capua, still under the influence of the Sicilian painter, especially of the checkerboard - painter, was. It is followed by the workshops of the Parrish Painter and the workshop around the Laghetto - painter and the Caivano Painter, who was influenced by paestanischen painters. Large sized vases from the workshops were mostly provided with mythological images. Mostly below the handles of hydriai - - Characteristic of the preference for Satyrfiguren with thyrsus, representations of heads are Zinnbordüren on the robes and the frequent use of white, red and yellow highlight color. The Laghetto and the Caivano Painter seem to be later emigrated to Paestum. Last representative of the factory was the Ixion Painter.

The AV Group and the Capua - painters had their workshop also in Capua. Also, this manufacturer was apparently founded by immigrants from Sicily. Particularly important here is the Whiteface - Frignano - painter who was one of the first painters of the group. Typical is the use of white color additive for the identification of female faces for him. Especially in this group domestic scenes, women and warriors were shown. Multi-figure scenes are rare, usually only one figure on the front and back of each show, sometimes only the head. The garments are usually drawn volatile.

The workshop in Cumae was founded very late. This worked after 350 BC, the workshop founder, the CA Painter and his colleagues and successors. The CA painter is considered as an outstanding representative of this group, perhaps the entire Campanian vase painting. From 330 BC a strong influence of Apulian vase painting is evident. The most common motifs are shown naiskos and grave scenes, Dionysian scenes and symposia presentations. Typical also is the display of decorated women's heads. The CA painter worked in polychrome, but sometimes used very much opaque white in architecture and representations of women. His successor, the CB- painter and the CC painters were able to maintain its quality only conditionally, and as quickly began a decline that culminated around 300 BC to the end of the Campanian vase painting.