Carissa carandas

Carissa Carandas

Carissa Carandas is a species of the genus of the wax trees ( Carissa ) in the family of the dogbane family ( Apocynaceae ). The Karanda mentioned fruits are edible.

• 5.1 Notes and references

Description

Appearance and leaf

Carissa Carandas grows as evergreen, climbing or self upright shrub or small tree that can reach heights of growth of up to 5 meters. Up to 5 cm long located on the branches, simple or forked spines. The plant parts contain a sticky milky sap (latex).

The oppositely arranged leaves are constantly stalked. The dark green, leathery, simple leaf blades are broadly ovate or oblong with broadly wedge -shaped to rounded Spreitenbasis and short bespitztem upper end at a length of 3 to 7 cm and a width of 1.5 to 4 cm. There are about eight pairs of lateral nerves present. The upper leaf surface is glossy.

Inflorescence and flowers

The flowering period extends into China from March to June. Terminally to 1.5 to 2.5 cm long Blütenstandsschäften are in zymösen inflorescences usually together only three flowers. The cover sheets ( Brakteolen ) are tiny. The flower stems are about as long or longer than the calyx.

The scented flowers are hermaphrodite and fünfzählig double perianth. The five 2.5 to 7 mm long sepals have inside at its base many glands. The five white to pale pink petals are fused Roehrig on a length of up to 2 cm. The corolla tube is hairy fluffy inside. The five lanceolate with a length of about 1 cm Kronlappen end pointed and overlap to the right; they are pubescent and ciliate. Two carpels are fused to an above- permanent, two-chambered ovary. There are many ovules in each ovary chamber. The five stamens do not protrude beyond the corolla.

Fruits

At maturity the reddish purple grapes are ellipsoid with a length of 1.5 to 2.5 cm and a diameter of 1 to 2 cm. The sour taste in the flesh is deep red and very juicy. The fruits ripen in China from July to December.

Chromosome number

The chromosome number is 2n = 22

Dissemination

The distribution area of Carissa Carandas includes India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Cambodia, Taiwan, the Chinese provinces of Fujian, Guangdong, Guizhou and Hainan, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines.

Use

The fruits are eaten both fresh and pickled. They are often used for cooking for chutneys, curries and desserts.

Taxonomy

The first publication of Carissa was Carandas 1767 by Carl Linnaeus, in Mantissa Plantarum, 1, pp. 52 synonyms for Carissa Carandas L. are: Arduina Carandas (L.) K.Schum, Carissa congesta Wight, Damnacanthus Esquirolii H.Lév. ..

Swell

• Bingtao Li, Antony JM Leeuwenberg & David J. Middleton: Apocynaceae, Carissa Carandas, pp. 146 - text the same online as printed work, In: Wu Zheng -yi and Peter H. Raven (eds.): Flora of China, Volume 16 - Gentianaceae through Boraginaceae, Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 1995, ISBN 0-915279-33-9. (Section Description and dissemination )