CESIS
The Comitato per le Informazioni e la Esecutivo Sicurezza ( CESIS ) (German: "Government Committee for the Intelligence and Security Services") was a General Secretariat, Office of the Prime Minister of Italy. It coordinated the Italian intelligence services.
The tasks of this body took the train to the reform of the Italian intelligence services in August 2007, the Dipartimento delle Informazioni per la Sicurezza (DIS ).
Both the CESIS as well as the DIS is roughly equivalent to Division 6 of the German Federal Chancellery.
Tasks
In Italy, the Prime Minister was politically for the intelligence services
- Servizio per le Informazioni e la Sicurezza Militare ( SISMI ) and
- Servizio per le Informazioni e la Sicurezza Democrática ( SISDE )
Responsible and had them over a direct intelligence to policy-making.
The SISMI and the SISDE under stood in terms of organizational, administrative and operational matters ( provided that the relevant business is concerned) the Minister of Defence and Minister of the Interior. About the CESIS the prime minister exercised its general policy guidelines and its other privileges over the two services.
However, the most important task of CESIS was the coordination of SISMI and SISDE that were not in Italy according to the territorial principle (foreign / domestic ), but on the principle organized. This meant for example that the SISDE the area of its competence in the field of education of the ( Italian ) organized crime abroad could be active while the SISMI at the assigned counterintelligence operated, for example, in Germany.
The two services reported to their respective superiors Minister. But in any case, the CESIS received a " copy " of the memo official reports to hand them over to the Prime Minister and other customers in government and Parliament ( regular reports on the security situation ) (usually in summary and "prepared " form).
Members of the "committee " were next to the CESIS - conductor ( " Secretary " ), etc. the service chiefs of SISMI and SISDE, the chief of staff of the armed forces, the heads of the three national police forces Polizia di Stato, Carabinieri and Guardia di Finanza, as well as the Secretaries-General of the Foreign Ministry and the Office of the Prime Minister.
History
The CESIS originated in train the major news service reform in 1977. This reform was after several scandals ( Gladio, strategy of tension, Propaganda Due), in which the services
- Servizio Informazioni Difesa (SID) and
- Servizio Informazioni Forze Armate ( SIFAR )
Were involved, represent a comprehensive new beginning. However, the new beginning suffered especially in the early years because the services had to make do with old staff yet.
It was repeatedly criticized that the CESIS have evolved without any legal basis to a third message service ( the Prime Minister ). This was denied by the state again and again.
Against the background of fundamental geopolitical changes since 1989 and the emergence of new threats began in Italy in mid -1990s a discussion about a profound reform of the intelligence services, which remained for years without concrete results. It was suggested that central elements ( CESIS ) at the expense of both services to strengthen. Others advocated a merger of SISMI, SISDE and CESIS to create a single national service ( " DIGIS - Dipartimento per le Informazioni e la Governativo Sicurezza "), which should be located at the Office of the Prime Minister. The reason given was that the new threat ( international terrorism, proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, etc. ) classical dividing lines between the services blurs more and more. This proposal was relatively surprising in a country that meet all the criteria of operational rationality for political reasons, especially in the police sector embarrassing pays attention to prevent concentration of power in one hand. Another reason for the reform was the desire to abolish once and for all structures, which date from the scandal-ridden times of the "cold war". In 2007, the coalition government of Romano Prodi agreed with the opposition to a reform bill, to which both sides have equally contributed and which was adopted unanimously in parliament.
The reform provides, inter alia, a maximum time limit on the state secrets from 30 years ago (previously unlimited), clear rules when dealing with the public prosecutor's investigations in business -related violations of the law of agents, a reordering of data protection in the intelligence work, a financial review of services through a special place at the Court, a clearer distribution of tasks (foreign / domestic - sicurezza esterna / interna) of the two intelligence services AISE ( successor of the SISMI ) and AISI ( successor to the SISDE ), a strengthening of the coordination organ Dipartimento delle Informazioni per la Sicurezza ( successor to the CESIS ) and more skills for parliamentary control commission COPACO.
Conductor
- Gaetano Napoletano (1977-1978)
- Walter Pelosi (1978-1981)
- Orazio Sparano (1981-1987)
- Giuseppe Richero (1987-1991)
- Francesco Paolo Fulci (1991-1993)
- Giuseppe Taormina (1993-1994)
- Umberto Pierantoni (1994-1996)
- Berardino Francesco (1996-2001)
- Fernando Masone (2001-2003)
- Emilio del Mese (2003-2006)
- Giuseppe Cucchi (2006-2007)
The position of " Secretary of CESIS " as National Intelligence, which was occupied as a rule with a prefect from the civil administration, the position of the German salary grade equivalent to B10 (senior service ), the Deputy Secretary-General had a B7- equivalent. Thus, the position was higher than that of the service chiefs ( " B9 " ) or their deputies doped ( usually " B6" ).
DIS | AISE | AISI | CII
Former intelligence services
- Historical intelligence service (Italy )