Česká Skalice

Česká Skalice ( German: Bohemian Skalitz ) is a town in the district Nachod in the Czech Republic. It lies on the Upa River, a tributary of the Elbe. To Česká Skalice also includes the independent municipality until 1942 Malá Skalice.

History

Today Česká Skalice originally evolved from two settlements, later as " Kleinskalitz " ( Malá Skalice, also: Skalička ) and " Großskalitz " ( Velka Skalice ) were designated. The festivals Kleinskalitz ( tvrz maloskalická ), located at a ford on the right bank of the Upa, should secure the important road connection from Prague via Nachod and Glatz to Wroclaw, the festivals Großskalitz ( tvrz velkoskalická ) on the left bank of the way through the Aupatal after Úpice and Schweidnitz.

The first written mention of indirect Skalice dates back to 1238, when Peter is called by Skalitz ( Petr ze Skalice ) in a document as a witness. It is believed that his family were among the Kleinskalitzer festivals and the associated settlement since the early 13th century. He and his sons Tas and Sezema built with the support of the Bohemian King Ottokar II on the middle Upa castles Wiesenburg Giant Castle and Rothenburg.

After several changes of ownership acquired Kleinskalitz, which was an independent rule until 1575, Hedwig Smiřická of Smiřice, a grand-daughter of the Bohemian King George of Podiebrad. You Affiliated with Kleinskalitz the reign Nachod that they managed for their minor son Vaclav Smiřický of Smiřice and after his death in 1593 for her grandson Albrecht Vaclav Smiřický of Smiřice. However, until 1942 Kleinskalitz remained an independent municipality.

To the Großskalitzer Fixed a settlement which was in 1336 in possession of Hynek Hlaváč of Dauba ( Hynek Hlaváč z Dubé ) developed. In 1366 it belonged to the Vanak of Boskowitz ( Vanak z Boskovic ). After his death in 1380, she went to his brothers Tas and Oldrich. 1393 acquired Großskalitz Jetřich of Janowitz ( Jetřich Janovic z ) which makes it his rule inkoporierte Nachod.

From 1575 thus both districts belonged to the dominion Nachod. Under the rule of Smiřický of Smiřice economic development was promoted. After their goods were confiscated after the Battle of White Mountain, wholesale and Kleinskalitz came to Trček of Lipa. Adam Erdmann Trček of Lipa Großskalitz issued on June 24, 1631 more privileges. These included an annual cattle fair, biennial wool markets and a weekly grain market.

In the 1840s Skalice was a center of the National Revival. These activities were supported among others by Václav Kliment Klicpera. Even with the so-called " Dahlia Festival " ( Jiřinkové slavnosti ) the objectives of the National Renewal were followed from 1837. In Kleinskalitz industrialist Hermann Dietrich Lindheim built in 1837 a cotton mill, which later passed to the family of Löbbecke.

On June 28, 1866 took place near the battle took at Skalitz between Prussian and Austrian troops. At the victory of the Prussians under General Karl Friedrich von Steinmetz over the Austrians under Archduke Leopold remember numerous monuments today.

In the second half of the 19th century prompted the then owner of the domain Nachod, Prince of Schaumburg -Lippe, on meadows Skalitzer the construction of irrigation systems and other measures for soil improvement Bever. This allowed the amount of hay obtained from 170 tons in 1875 to 384 tons in 1881 to more than double. At the International World Exhibition in Paris in 1889, therefore, the rule Nachod received a prestigious award. In 1892, Ladislav Bartoňs, a son of the textile industrialist Josef Bartoňs in Česká Skalice a textile dyeing and printing. During the communist rule after the Second World War, the irrigation systems were abandoned to decay. The efforts to get a part of the installation as a technical monument, were unsuccessful.

Both Bohemian Skalitz that the name Großskalitz wore to the 18th century, as well Kleinskalitz were plagued by numerous fires and floods over the course of time. Both districts belonged to the Bohemian District Commission Neustadt and lay on the railroad Josefstadt - Liebau. In Bohemian Skalitz passed in 1880, a district court, a brewery and a Dampfbrettsäge.

In the near Česká Skalice the recreation area of the reservoir Rozkoš is.

Local structure

The town of Česká Skalice consists of the districts Česká Skalice ( Bohemian Skalitz ), Malá Skalice ( Kleinskalitz ) Ratiborice ( Ratiborschitz ) Spyta ( Spitta ), Zájezd ( ford ) and Zlíč ( Slitsch ).

Attractions

• The City Council of 1586 were each built according to several fires, most recently built in 1864 in the Gothic Revival style.
• The parish church of the Assumption contains a carved altar of 1712.
• A museum recalls the writer Bozena Nemcova, who spent her childhood in nearby Ratiborice and gone in Česká Skalice to school. Attached is a textile museum.
• The Old School is a timber of 1798
• Babiččino 's Valley " Grandmother's Valley "

Personalities

• Bozena Nemcova (1820-1862), writer