České dráhy

České Railways [ tʃɛskɛ dra ː ː ɦɪ ] ( German Czech Railways ), short name ČD is the state railway company in the Czech Republic. It was founded during the division of Czechoslovakia on 1 January 1993 from a part of the Czechoslovak State Railways ( ČSD ).

History

The national railway company was founded during the division of Czechoslovakia in 1993 from a part of the Czechoslovak State Railways.

In 1997, the South Bohemian narrow gauge railways Jindřichův Hradec - Nová Bystřice and Jindřichův Hradec - Obrataň were místní to the private railway company Jindřichohradecké Railways ( JHMD ) cast. Located in Silesia route Třemešná ve Slezsku - Osoblažsko remained as the only narrow gauge railway in the network of ČD, as here, no private operator took and decommissioning was not politically feasible.

On 1 January 2003, the state enterprise was transformed into a corporation.

Since 1 January 2003, the entire route network is owned by the state infrastructure operator Správa železniční dopravní cesty ( SŽDC ). ČD have since only one railway transport companies.

The freight division was spun off on December 1, 2007 in the newly established subsidiary ČD Cargo.

In fiscal 2008, the ČD made ​​a loss of 3.7 billion Kč.

In September 2009, a contract was concluded with the Czech Ministry of Transport, which provides for the protection of the regional express train at the current level for the next ten years. For the Czech Railways received annually converted 105 million euros from state funds.

In fiscal 2009, the first time the ČD achieved a profit of 1.1 billion CZK, which is due to the government subsidies of 4.8 billion Kč especially. Deficit is mainly the operation of the regional trains. For the operation of the state paid 3.2 billion Kč in 2009. In 2009, ČD carried a total of 163 million passengers, six percent more than last year. The modernization program for the vehicles of regional traffic continued in 2009, 4.2 billion CZK was invested in new trains.

Organizational structure

Management

Directors-General ( generální ředitelé ):

• Emanuel Šíp (January 1, 1993 to June 13, 1995 )
• Josef Bazala (June 30, 1995 to September 28, 1995 )
• Rudolf Mládek, (September 1, 1995 to March 5, 1997 )
• Vladimír Sosna (March 10, 1997 to August 4, 1998 ) >
• Dalibor Zeleny (6 August 1998 to 3 March 2003)
• Petr Kousal ( March 3, 2003 to May 10, 2005)
• Josef Bazala (9 May 2005 to 31 January 2008), now Director General of ČD Cargo
• Petr Žaluda (since 1 January 2008)

CEO ( předsedové představenstva ):

• Dalibor Zeleny (January 2, 2003 to January 28, 2003 )
• Petr Kousal (January 28, 2003 to May 9, 2005 )
• Josef Bazala (9 May 2005 to 31 January 2008)
• Petr Žaluda (since 1 January 2008)

Corporate Structure

• General ( Generální ředitelství )

• Branch plants Železniční zdravotnictví ( railway health care )

• Organisiationseinheiten Zásobovací centrum Česká Třebová ( Logistic Centre)
• Odúčtovna přepravních tržeb ( clearing office of the freight revenues ) in Olomouc
• Vlakový doprovod osobní dopravy Praha ( Prague accompanying a train )
• Regionální Spravy majetku ( 6 Regional asset management )
• Krajská centra osobní dopravy ( 13 Regional passenger transport centers)
• Regionální centra provozu (Regional transportation centers ): Brno, Hradec Králové, Ostrava, Plzeň, Praha, Ústí nad Labem

• Executive units ( výkonné jednotky ) Vehicle depots ( Depo kolejových vozidel ): DKV Brno, Česká Třebová DKV DKV Olomouc, Plzeň DKV DKV Praha

Subsidiaries

ČD Cargo is a train operating company in the rail freight transport. The company was dissolved out of the České Railways on 1 December 2007 and took over the parent company about a third of locomotives, freight cars and all about 12,500 employees.

The Dopravní vzdělávací institute as, shortly DVI ( German about: Traffic Education Institute AG) was founded on 1 October 2005 as a subsidiary ČD and designed for the operational training and further education in the field of railway transport. It offered specialized instruction with emphasis on rail transport, operations management and languages.

The company has its headquarters in Prague. Regional training centers are located in Plzeň, Ústí nad Labem, Hradec Králové, Brno and Ostrava. A specialized "Centre for Technical Education " located in Česká Třebová.

• Rail Real a.s. (Praha)
• RAILREKLAM s.r.o. (Praha)
• ČD Reality a.s. (Praha)
• Traťová strojní společnost a.s. ( Pardubice)
• ČD Telematika a.s. (Praha)
• Smíchov Station Development a.s. (Praha)
• Výzkumný ústav železniční a.s. ( BC, Praha )
• ČD Travel s.r.o. (Praha)
• DPOV, a.s. ( " Dílny per opravy vozidel ", Olomouc)

Route network

In 2003, a route length of 9501 km was traveled, is electrified by about one-third ( 2943 km ). Of this, about 60 % with 3 kV DC operated ( in the northeast ) and the remaining 40 % with 25 kV 50 Hz AC ( in the southwest ). Almost 2,000 km of the network are expanded to double track. In 1995, the number of stations was given as 1,063. In addition to the standard gauge 20 km narrow gauge route operated.

On Ještěd in northern Bohemia, the Czech Railways operate a cable car ( funicular Ještěd ).

On 10 April 2002 a speed of 200 km / h was achieved in the network of ČD first time.

Currently, the route network will be expanded by the SŽDC on four so-called " transit corridors " which comprise the main railway lines of the country and connecting the largest towns with the capital Prague and each other. In the final state the corridors should be consistently traveled at a speed of 160 km / h partially further expansions for speed 230 km / h is planned. České Railways cruising these corridors with their long-distance trains, which they have received competition from private operators as RegioJet and LEO Express for several years on the most important and most congested corridor Prague - Olomouc - Ostrava.

Train types

• Super City Pendolino ( SC): Super City are the most comfortable and fastest trains in the ČD. They operate exclusively on the developed distance from Ostrava via Olomouc to Prague and on weekends beyond towards Pilsen on to Franzensbad. As Super City only modern tilting trains are used. For them, a surcharge in the form of a reservation will be charged. The trains from Prague - Ostrava run every two hours, some routes are served via Ostrava afield to Bohumin a pair of trains runs even further to Český Těšín. Initially offered to Vienna and Bratislava have already been withdrawn in favor of a compacted on the main route timetable again. For this is in the planning stage, the number of connections in the corridor from Prague to Pilsen, Cheb and Franzensbad be increased to four or two and offer these connections even daily, and the number of daily connections between Prague and Ostrava from 8 to 10 to increase.
• D1 Express: The Express D1 was introduced in October 2012 on the occasion of the construction work on the D1 motorway between Prague and Brno. It offered without intermediate stops working day two train pairs. The trains consist of a locomotive of the series 380 and 5 cars (including a dining car ) with an adapted design. The trains are free of extra charge.
• Euro City (EC): Euro City cross-border traffic quality traits, the level of which corresponds to international standards. Charaktistisch are a few stops and a high cruising speed. They can be used in the Czech Republic without surcharge. They run mostly every two hours.
• Intercity ( IC): Intercity trains were national quality of a similar standard as Euro City. They associated partially cross-border basis. They could be used free of extra charge. Intercity wrong every two hours, sometimes alternating with Euro City. Since December 2011, no intercity trains longer offered and have been largely replaced by Euro City trains or express trains.
• Express ( Ex): Express trains are fast trains higher levels of long-distance connections. Characteristic are a few stops and a high cruising speed. The vehicles used, however, do not meet the standards of Euro City. The Express replace since December, 2011, the previously existing intercity lines. Main express line is the busy every hour of connection ( Košice ) Žilina about Olomouc to Prague.
• Rychlík (R): " Rychlík " stands for Express. The trains provide the basic level in the long-distance transport; they usually have frequent stops, the average speed is often low. The lines are driven with the German regional express comparable, but in some cases the trains have also long walking distances, for example, offer numerous umsteigfreie direct from distant parts of the country to the capital Prague. Express trains usually every two hours.
• Spěšný vlak (Sp): " Spěšný vlak " stands for Express Train. Express trains are passenger trains that do not hold in favor of a higher cruising speed at all stations. They operate mostly during times higher traffic volumes, such as in professional or leisure services.
• Osobní vlak (Os): " Osobní vlak " stands for passenger. They provide the basic local public transport services represents the trains normally hold at all intermediate stations. Also the features of the S -Bahn systems " Esko " in Prague and Ostrava are out in the schedules as " Osobní vlak ". Passenger trains usually in one or two- hour intervals. The features of the system in Esko Prague have also partly a 30 -minute intervals.

Locomotives and cars

The car park of the ČD is still largely from vehicles that have been procured by the Czechoslovak State Railways before 1993 ( ČSD ). Financial problems due to rapid traffic decline in the 1990s prevented the scheduled phase-out and renewal. Therefore, the average age of the rolling stock is now at almost 30 years.

Investment in new vehicles were initially mainly for long-distance transport. So seven tilting trainsets Series 680 ( " Pendolino " ) were taken for the high-quality international travel in operation around the year 2005. Furthermore, bought the ČD in 2011 16 not covered by the ÖBB Rail Jet trains. Most of the existing vehicles are comprehensively modernized for commuter service. An example of this are the railcars of series 810, which can be converted into low-floor "Regio Nova " series 814. Only for the cities of quick transport around Prague and Ostrava ( " Esko " ) will be put into service at present 75 new double-decker trainsets by Czech manufacturer Škoda.

In autumn 2011, the acquisition of a delivery option for 16 sets of Railjet was announced by the ÖBB - the trains are from 2013 important Czech main routes operate to neighboring countries.

From about 2011 were also made new purchases of railcars for regional transport: In some regions of the "Regio Shark" the Polish company PESA was procured, other regions procured the slightly smaller "Regio - Shuttle" Stadler Rail. On electrified lines are increasingly being referred to as " regions Panter 'marketed features of the domestic company Škoda used. The new trains will gradually replace the outdated rolling stock.

Railway Museum Lužná u Rakovníka

On the grounds of the former depot in Lužná u Rakovníka station ČD operated since 1997, the largest railway museum in the Czech Republic. Besides its own historic locomotives and cars, vehicles of the National Technical Museum in Prague there are presented. The vehicle collection is complemented by an exhibition of historical safety systems.