Chelyabinsk meteor
The meteor of Chelyabinsk was a February 15, 2013 at about 9:20 clock local time ( 4:20 clock CET) visible from a meteor in the Chelyabinsk Oblast around the city of Chelyabinsk in Russia's Ural Mountains, after a meteoroid or small asteroid in the Earth's atmosphere had occurred. After reconstructing the web of this one with a high probability to the group of near-Earth asteroids from the Apollo - type.
It is the largest known meteor for over 100 years. An even larger meteor could be last penetrated the Tunguska event in 1908 in the Earth's atmosphere. So far, once for a meteorite fall is the high number of injured people of around 1500.
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The meteor was widely observed and filmed. Among other things, many video recordings that have been recorded with the widespread in Russia car cameras exist. The event was a time delay associated with a loud bang. A pressure wave caused many damages, especially broken window. An estimated 3,700 buildings were damaged. The roof of a factory collapsed. According to the authorities, there was damage in six cities in the region. 1491 people were injured and sought medical help. Most of them suffered cuts from broken glass and bruises. 43 people had to stationary hospital.
According to press reports crashed a meteorite fragment in the Tschebarkulsee near the eponymous town about 80 kilometers southwest of Chelyabinsk, where a hole formed by six meters in diameter in the ice of the frozen lake. The analysis of the fragments found around the hole resulted in a size of 5 to 10 mm, that they are meteorites, namely by ordinary chondrites (LL- chondrites (Low - Metal, Low- Iron) ). The meteorite was named after the nearest village Chebarkul preliminary, the final naming was carried out in March 2013 by the Meteoritical Society and is Chelyabinsk. The largest 2013 until the end of February found piece of the meteorite weighed about one kilogram. On October 16, 2013, a much larger piece weighing more than 570 kg was recovered from the lake deposits.
The damaged by the blast zinc factory in Chelyabinsk
Scientific evaluation
The object came from the direction of the sun and was therefore of no heaven monitoring programs ( like eg NEAT, LINEAR, LONEOS, CSS, CINEOS, Spacewatch ) are discovered. The inlet velocity in the atmosphere was determined to be about 19 km s /. The energy is given on the basis of infra-sound measurement on a TNT equivalent of greater than 500 kt. From a mass of the order of 10,000 tons and a diameter of 20 meters, it was concluded; this was corrected in November 2013, around 12,000 tons of bulk and a diameter of about 19 meters at an average density of 3.3 grams per cubic centimeter. The International Astronomical Union classified the event as a "super heavyweight". Cause of the blast was a so-called airburst. In this case, the object is interrupted upon entry into the earth's atmosphere due to air friction and compression at a height of 30 km apart. The fragments have a total of a much larger friction surface, resulting in the sudden release of energy.
The angle of entry into the Earth's atmosphere was about 16 degrees. The created object entering the atmosphere a flash of light that was brighter than the sun. As part of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty by the CTBTO installed infrasound monitoring stations detected the hitherto strongest event since the beginning of the measurements. Seismographs of the USGS and weather satellites such as Meteosat -9 and 10, Fengyun 2 and MTSAT - 2 is also provided data. A first reconstruction of the elliptical orbit of the meteoroid by NASA showed that this also led on the Mars orbit.
Researchers believe it is possible that the object of Chelyabinsk was a fragment of the Apollo asteroid 2011 EO40. In November 2013 published analyzes indicate possible, on the asteroid 86039 (1999 NC43 ) toward or could the parent body be part of a Rubble Pile from the Flora group, from the inner asteroid belt.
Size comparison of the estimated sizes of the Barringer Meteorite Crater, the Chelyabinsk Meteors (red), the Hoba meteorite and a Boeing 747
Meteorite Find of the Ural Federal University Ural found on Tschebarkulsee near the meteor strike
Characteristic fracture surface with Schmelzklasten, shock levels and clearly visible brecciation
Macro photo of a cut piece of Fund
More Fund piece
Various fragments found in different sizes
Diagrams of infrasound recording of the CTBTO
Trajectory projection and stray field map with 253 documented Fund positions of Chelyabinsk meteorite
Coincidence in 2012 DA14
The meteorite fall took place just 20 hours before closest Erdannäherung of the asteroid ( 367943 ) Duende. This has about twice the diameter of Chelyabinsk - meteoroids and an estimated mass of 130,000 tons. According to the European Space Agency and NASA both events have anything to do with each other due to widely varying trajectories of the objects.