Cottidae
Bullhead ( Cottus gobio )
The bullheads ( Cottidae ) are a family of bony fish. They live in the seas of the northern hemisphere and to the genus Cottus in cold fresh water in the northern continents. Only the four species of the genus Antipodocottus occur around Australia and New Zealand in the southwest Pacific. Your greatest species richness they have along the coast of the northern Pacific.
Among the best-known part of bullheads and native species bullhead ( Cottus gobio ). More occurring species in Germany are the Scheldt bullhead ( Cottus perifretum ) and the Rhine bullhead ( Cottus rhenanus ). On the basis of the European Atlantic coasts and the North and Baltic Seas of sculpin ( Myoxocephalus scorpius ) and long Prickly sculpin live ( Taurulus bubalis).
- 3.1 Literature
- 3.2 References and notes
- 3.3 External links
Features
Bullheads have a thick body, which greatly narrows the rear. The big head is often flattened, partially armored and bears spines. Adult animals have no swim bladder. The eyes are usually large and sit high on the head, a lateral line organ is available. Your far forward rails pelvic fins have a hard - and two to five soft rays. Bullheads have two dorsal fins and are three to 78 inches long.
System
The bullheads belong to the order Perciformes and are classified with some related families in the partial order Cottales. There are about 70 genera and about 250-275 species. A phylogenetic study of the Gropp relatives, the Polyphylie the bullheads in relation to the tank bullheads ( Agonidae ) and the fathead sculpins ( Psychrolutidae ) and the endemic living in Lake Baikal Baikal oil fish ( Comephoridae ) Cottocomephoridae and Abyssocottidae fixed. All these families are phylogenetically deep within the Cottidae, the last three even in the genus Cottus.
You can fossil evidence bullheads since the Oligocene. Your room of origin is probably the northern Pacific, Atlantic and freshwater forms are derived.
Genera
- Alcichthys Jordan & Starks, 1904
- Andriashevicottus Fedorov, 1990
- Antipodocottus Bolin, 1952
- Archistes Jordan & Gilbert in Jordan & Evermann, 1898
- Argyrocottus Heart Stone, 1892
- Artediellichthys Taranetz, 1941
- Artediellina Taranetz, 1937
- Artedielloides Soldatov, 1922
- Artediellus Jordan, 1885
- Artedius Girard, 1856
- Ascelichthys Jordan & Gilbert, 1880
- Asemichthys Gilbert, 1912
- Astrocottus Bolin, 1936
- Atopocottus Bolin, 1936
- Batrachocottus Berg, 1903
- Bero Jordan & Starks, 1904
- Bolinia Yabe, 1991
- Chitonotus Lockington, 1879
- Clinocottus Gill, 1861
- Cottiusculus Schmidt in Jordan & Starks, 1904
- Cottocomephorus Pellegrin, 1900
- Cottus Linnaeus, 1758
- Daruma Jordan & Starks, 1904
- Enophrys Swainson, 1839
- Furcina Jordan & Starks, 1904
- Gymnocanthus Swainson, 1839
- Hemilepidotus Cuvier, 1829
- Icelinus Jordan, 1885
- Icelus Krøyer, 1845
- Jordania Starks, 1895
- Leiocottus Girard, 1856
- Leocottus Taliev, 1955
- Lepidobero Qin & Jin, 1992
- Leptocottus Girard, 1854
- Megalocottus Gill, 1861
- Melletes Bean, 1880
- Mesocottus Gratzianov, 1907
- Micrenophrys Andriashev, 1954
- Microcottus Schmidt, 1940
- Myoxocephalus Tilesius, 1811
- Ocynectes Jordan & Starks, 1904
- Oligocottus Girard, 1856
- Orthonopias Starks & Mann, 1911
- Paracottus Taliev in Berg, 1949
- Paricelinus Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1889
- Phallocottus Schultz, 1938
- Phasmatocottus Bolin, 1936
- Porocottus Gill, 1859
- Temminck & Schlegel Pseudoblennius, 1850
- Radulinopsis Soldatov & Lindberg, 1930
- Radu Linus Gilbert, 1890
- Rest Rinus Jordan & Evermann, 1896
- Ricuzenius Jordan & Starks, 1904
- Ruscarius Jordan & Starks, 1895
- Scorpaenichthys Girard, 1854
- Sigmistes Rutter in Jordan & Evermann, 1898
- Stelgistrum Jordan & Gilbert in Jordan & Evermann, 1898
- Stlegicottus Bolin, 1936
- Stlengis Jordan & Starks, 1904
- Synchirus Bean, 1890
- Taurocottus Soldatov & Pavlenko, 1915
- Taurulus Gratzianov, 1907
- Thyriscus Gilbert & Burke, 1912
- Trachidermus Heckel, 1837
- Trichocottus Soldatov & Pavlenko, 1915
- Triglops Reinhardt, 1830
- Vellitor Jordan & Starks, 1904
- Zesticelus Jordan & Evermann, 1896