Crinum

Busch- hook lily ( Crinum moorei )

The hooks lily ( Crinum ) are a genus of flowering plants in the family Amaryllidaceae family ( Amaryllidaceae ). The about 65 to 130 species are native to the coastal areas of the tropics and subtropics.

• 3.1 Types (select alphabetically )

• 4.1 Literature
• 4.2 Notes and references

Description

Vegetative characteristics

The Crinum species are perennial herbaceous plants that reach heights of growth of about 80 centimeters. They form as outlasting onions. Most species migrate as geophytes in the dry season, their sheets. The mostly arranged only in a basal rosette, rarely distributed in two rows on the stem, sessile, mostly long leaves are linear to sword-shaped and parallel-veined. The leaf margin is smooth.

Generative features

At one of strong, long inflorescence stem many flowers are in a doldigen inflorescence; rarely the flowers are individually. In knospigen state envelop two broad bracts of the inflorescence. Among the flower stems are often linear or filiform bracts, which are membranous or sometimes colored. The flower stems are more or less long. The lily- shaped, large flowers are hermaphroditic and threefold. Its flowers radial symmetry ( then they belong to the subgenus Crinum ) or slightly zygomorphic (for then they belong to the subgenus Codonocrinum ). The six identically shaped bracts are in many species white, pink to purple color is also common, sometimes they are two-colored. The six stamens are bent differently depending on the type. Three carpels are fused to a dreikammerigen, inferior ovary. Each ovary chamber containing two or more anatrope ovules. The long, sometimes curved style ends with a small, capitate or slightly three-lobed stigma. The nectar secretion occurs at the gynoecium.

Are formed nearly spherical to ovoid capsule wrong fruit. The large seeds contain much oily endosperm and may be winged or wingless.

In some species, the fragrant flowers are pollinated by long-tongued moths.

Terms and Ingredients

As an ornamental houseplant and especially the native to South Africa Kaplilie ( Crinum × powellii ) is cultivated; these are moorei a hybrid of the two South African species Crinum bulbispermum and Crinum.

Some species are used as aquarium plants.

The following toxins are included: alkaloids: lycorine isoquinolines et al.

System

The genus name Crinum was first published in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum, 1, p 291.

The genus Crinum belongs to the subtribe Crininae in Amaryllideae tribe of the subfamily Amaryllidoideae in the family of Amaryllidaceae. Previously, she was also classified in the family Liliaceae. The botanical genus name Crinum is derived from the Greek word for Krinon lily.

We divided the genus Crinum in three subgenera:

• Subgenus Stena Rochester
• Subgenus Crinum
• Subgenus Codonocrinum: Crinum abyssinicum
• Crinum bulbispermum
• Crinum fimbriatulum Baker
• Crinum graminicola Verdoorn
• Crinum latifolium L.
• Crinum scabrum Herbert
• Crinum Jagus
• Crinum macowanii
• Crinum moorei Hook. f
• Crinum scabrum
• Crinum zeylanicum

Types (selection alphabetically )

The genus of the hook lilies ( Crinum ) comprises about 65 to 130 species:

• Crinum abyssinicum Hochst. ex A. Rich, home. Ethiopia
• Crinum acaule Baker
• Crinum americanum L.
• Crinum ammocharoides Baker
• Crinum amoenum Roxb. ex Ker Gawl.
• Crinum asiaticum L. (syn.: Crinum Amabile Donn ex Ker Gawl. ), Origin: India, Sri Lanka, tropical Southeast Asia, Polynesia, Australia
• Crinum baumii Harms
• Pink lily hooks (. Crinum bulbispermum ( Burman f ) Milne - Redh & Schweick. ), Origin: South Africa
• Crinum buphanoides Welw. ex Baker
• Narrow- hook lily or perming hook lily ( Crinum calamistratum Bogner & Heine )
• Water hook lily ( Crinum campanulatum Herb. ), Origin: South Africa
• Crinum carolo - schmidtii Dinter
• Crinum congolense De Wild.
• Crinum crassicaule Baker
• Crinum crassipes Baker
• Crinum crispum E.Phillips
• Crinum darienensis Woodson
• Crinum erubescens Aiton ( Syn: Crinum commelyni Jacq. ), Origin: tropical South America
• Crinum filifolium H.Perrier
• Crinum fimbriatulum Baker
• Crinum firmifolium Baker
• Crinum flaccidum Herb.
• Crinum graminicola I.Verd.
• Crinum hardyi Lehmiller
• Crinum Jagus ( J.Thomps. ) Dandy ( Syn: Crinum giganteum Andrews, Amaryllis Jagus J.Thomps. ), Origin: Western and Central Africa
• Crinum kirkii Baker
• Crinum latifolium L.
• Crinum L. f linear
• Crinum longifolium (L.) Thunb.
• Crinum lugardiae N.E.Br
• Crinum macowanii Baker, Origin: South Africa
• Crinum mauritianum Lodd.
• Crinum mccoyi Lehmiller
• Crinum minimum Milne - Redh.
• Crinum modestum Baker
• Busch- hook lily ( Crinum moorei Hook f. ), Origin: South Africa ( Natal)
• Broad- hook lily ( Crinum natans Baker), Origin: South Africa, Cameroon, India
• Crinum oliganthum Urb.
• Crinum ornatum ( L. f ) Herb.
• Crinum pedunculatum R.Br.
• Crinum podophyllum Hook.
• Crinum × powellii Baker (probably a cross between C. bulbispermum and C. moorei )
• . Crinum purpurascens Herb, Origin: Sudan, Cameroon, Angola
• Crinum razafindratsiraea Lehmiller
• Crinum subcernuum Baker
• Thailand Thailand hooks lily or water lily ( Crinum thaianum J.Schulze )
• Crinum variabile ( Jacq. ) Herb.
• Crinum viviparum ( Lam.) R.Ansari & V.J.Nair
• Crinum xerophilum H.Perrier ex Lehmiller
• Crinum zeylanicum (L.) L. (syn. Crinum sanderianum Baker), Origin: Tropical Africa and Asia

No longer the genus Crinum include:

• Crinum africanum L. Agapanthus africanus → (L.) Hoffmann.
• Crinum angustifolius L. f → Cyrtanthus angustifolius ( L. f ) Aiton
• Crinum argentinum Pax → Hippeastrum argentinum ( Pax ) Hunz.
• Crinum heterostylum Bullock → Ammocharis heterostyla ( Bullock ) Milne - Redh. & Schweick.
• Crinum obliquum L. f → Cyrtanthus obliquus ( L. f ) Aiton
• Crinum L. speciosum f → Cyrtanthus elatus ( Jacq. ) Traub
• Crinum urceolatum Ruiz & Pav → Urceolina urceolata ( Ruiz & Pav ) Asch. & Graebn.

Swell

• Zhanhe Ji & Alan W. Meerow: Amaryllidaceae in the Flora of China, Volume 24, 2000, p 265: Crinum - Online. ( Description section )
• Walter C. Holmes: Crinum in the Flora of North America, Volume 26, 2002, p 278: Online. ( Description section )
• Crinum in the Western Australian flora. ( Description section )
• Entry at Plantzafrica. ( Description section )
• Walter Erhardt et al: The big walleye. Encyclopedia of plant names. Volume 2 Eugen Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart, 2008. ISBN 978-3-8001-5406-7