Czech legislative election, 2013
- KSČM: 33
- CSSD: 50
- Úsvit: 14
- ANO: 47
- KDU: 14
- TOP 09: 26
- ODS: 16
The House of Representatives election in the Czech Republic in 2013 took place as early election on 25 and 26 October, 2013, after the House had decided its dissolution on 20 August 2013.
Electoral system
The House of Representatives is elected by proportional representation method. There is a minimum threshold of 5 %. Elections take place every four years.
Initial situation
The early elections were the result of a political crisis that had paralyzed the political process in the Czech Republic in the summer of 2013.
Parliament Election 2010
In the House of Representatives election in the Czech Republic in 2010, the social democratic CSSD average much worse than predicted by the polls, even if they put the strongest faction in the House of Representatives. Instead of the expected before the election left government led to the formation of a center- right government of ODS, TOP 09 and VV. President Václav Klaus appointed 28 June 2010 the Chairman of the ODS, Petr Necas, the new prime minister and asked him to form a government.
Resignation Necas
The government formed Necas did not survive despite an initially quite broad majority of the legislature. The VV occurred in April 2012 out of the government, the elimination LIDEM - liberální demokraté initially secured her the majority. However, the majority ratios due to various outlets fraction had become cluttered by the high number attached Members in parliament. After Prime Minister Petr Necas has stepped down in June 2013 due to corruption and spying affair, the previous government partners ODS, TOP 09 and LIDEM agreed to continue the coalition and nominated the chairman of the Chamber of Deputies Miroslava Nemcova as new Prime Minister. For this purpose they put President Zeman the signatures of 101 MPs belonging to the ruling parties (of 200 ) in order thereby to confirm the persistence of majority in the Chamber of Deputies. The opposition parties ( CSSD, KSČM and VV ) wanted already for early elections of, but what the government parties refused.
Appointment Rusnoks for Premier
However, State Minister Zeman sat down after talks with all party leaders on both the nomination Němcovás away and gave also the leader of the largest party in parliament, the CSSD, Bohuslav Sobotka no mandate to form a government. Instead appointed Jiří Zeman Rusnok, one close to him ministers from his cabinet as Prime Minister 1998-2002 as the new prime minister and asked him to form a non-partisan " cabinet of experts ". Zeman justified this step already so trying to thereby bring about early elections. Critics, however, both the previous government and the opposition accused the president, he would cut short the parliamentary system of government. After the previous opposition but was no majority for its formal request for self- dissolution of the Chamber of Deputies on July 18, 2013, she spoke out as a better alternative to a possible government Němcovás now but for the support of experts from the Cabinet Rusnoks. Nemcova and representatives of the former ruling coalition insisted it continue to get after the failure of the government Rusnok in the necessary confidence vote in the House of Representatives President Zeman the order to form a government.
Failed confidence vote in the Chamber of Deputies
As expected, Jiří Rusnok government received in confidence vote in the Chamber of Deputies on 7 August 2013, 93 to 100 voices not the necessary majority of votes. However, the 101 members of the outgoing government coalition also agreed not closed against the Cabinet, which would have been seen as a sign of support Němcovás. 3 MPs from the former ruling coalition did not participate in the vote. Formally, the Rusnok government had thus not receive the necessary support of the Chamber of Deputies and the Prime Minister Rusnok submitted his resignation. But President Zeman asked him - as already announced before the vote - with the provisional continuation of official duties.
Dissolution of the Chamber
Following the vote of confidence the previous government partners ODS, TOP 09 and LIDEM declared their coalition officially ended. The TOP 09 declared himself ready to agree to a dissolution of the House of Representatives, which necessary for the resolution 3/5-Mehrheit was assured. The Chamber of Deputies therefore dissolved with 140 votes to 7 (of 200 members ) at August 20, 2013 but still even made up and paving the way for early elections. Most members of the largest government party ODS did not participate in the vote, Parliament Speaker Miroslava Nemcova voted against the resolution. Until the swearing in of a new Cabinet after the election Jiří Rusnok Government into office on temporary basis and was controlled during the period of the dissolution of the Chamber in accordance with the Czech constitution by the Senate.
Parties
A total of 23 parties competed for election, 17 of them nationwide.
- 2010 elected to the House of Representatives parties: CSSD - Česká strana sociálně demokratická: Social Democrats, 54 seats
- ODS - Občanská demokratická strana: Civic Democratic Party, liberal- conservative, ruling party until June 2013, 48 seats
- TOP 09: conservative, ruling party until June 2013, 42 seats
- KSČM - strana Čech a Komunistická Moravy: orthodox - communist, 26 seats
- Úsvit - Úsvit Prime demokracie Tomia Okamury: Dawn of direct democracy party of Tomio Okamura, advocates direct democracy, with candidates of veci veřejné ( Public Affairs, 11 seats, the ruling party until April 2012 )
- SSCR - České Republiky Strana soukromníků: landowners party, with candidates of LIDEM - liberální demokraté ( Liberal Democrats, cleavage of the VV, ruling party until June 2013, 5 seats )
- LEV21 - Národní Socialiste - levice 21 století: Popular Socialists - Left of the 21st century, two MPs by passage of CSSD
- HV - hlavu Vzhuru: Right Conservative Party from parts of the SBB, Jihočeši 2012 ( a deputy by crossing ) and Akce DOST
- SPOZ - Strana prav Občanů ZEMANOVCI: party of civil rights - Zeman's people, social democratic, left- populist party of the President Miloš Zeman, a deputy by transfer or merger with Reverso Politických stran a hnutí ( For sport and health)
- KDU- CSL - Křesťanská a demokratická unie - Československé strana Lidová: Christian
- Piráti - Česká strana pirátská: Pirate Party
- SZ - Strana zelených: Green
- ANO 2011 - Akce nespokojených občanů: Action dissatisfied citizens, party of billionaire Andrey Babiš
- Svobodní - Strana svobodných občanů: libertarian
- Změna - Politické hnutí Změna: green
- DSSS - Dělnická strana sociální Spravedlnosti: right-wing
- Suverenita - Suverenita - strana zdravého rozumu: quite conservative, formerly SUVERENITA - Blok Jany Bobošíkové
- Romská demokratická strana
- Club angažovaných nestraníků
- Volte Pravý Blok www.cibulka.net
- Active nezávislých občanů
- OBČANÉ 2011
- Koruna Česká.
The Československé strana socialistická was admitted to choice, but could not meet the requirements for submission of a list.
Result
The election results designed the current Czech political spectrum significantly by: The social democratic CSSD cut as early as 2010, significantly worse than the polls (25-30 %) predicted and reached 20.5 percent, almost 2% less than in the previous elections and the worst result since 1992. the previous second largest party, the ruling conservative-liberal ODS fell dramatically from 20.2 to 7.7%. This decline appears to be more severe if you set it in relation to the election results of 2006, when the party had received more than 35 % of the vote. This bitter defeat is largely back to the previous corruption scandals of the government Petr Necas and marks the election observers after the end of the ODS as one of the two, the Czech party system dominant political parties. Also, the previous government partner of the ODS, the Civil TOP 09 under the chairmanship of longtime foreign minister Karel Schwarzenberg suffered losses of 4.6 %, reaching even 12.0 percent. The Communists ( KSČM ) rose more than 3%, bringing with 15.6%, a result which corresponded roughly to the level of the polls and since 2002 meant an increase in votes for the first time. The newly formed respectively of entrepreneurs parties Úsvit Tomio Okamura of the populist and ANO 2011 by Andrej Babiš cut surprisingly strong from start-ups for party: The previously successful with no elections ANO 2011 was the second-strongest political force in the state. The Christian Democrats succeeded after three years of abstinence, the re-entry into the House of Representatives, which they had not listened to since the establishment of independent Czechoslovakia after 2010 for the first time. The SPOZ support of Miloš Zeman and by former President Václav Klaus supported, the electoral bloc " head up " is occurring SBB fell far short of expectations and fell well short of the entry into parliament. The 2006-2010 represented in Parliament Greens could not gain representation in the House of Representatives again despite slight gains. The date represented with two came from the CSSD deputies in the Chamber of Deputies Popular Socialists - Left of the 21st century of former Prime Minister Jiří Paroubek remained far from Parliament re-entry. Also from the Parliament disappeared, both the first time in 2010 retracted veci veřejné and their cleavage LIDEM. However, both parties had already given up their own candidacy due to low -election chances: Its members were partially on other lists - among other members of the VV were elected to Parliament again on the list of Úsvit.
Difficult to form a government
Due to the unexpectedly poor performance of the Social Democrats ( CSSD ) of the targeted change of government by the center- right was difficult to center-left. The contemplated partially before the elections the CSSD minority government tolerated by the KSČM had not received the necessary majority in parliament. In the House of Representatives only government constellations of at least three parties have a majority because of the further fragmentation occurred in seven fractions. However, a possible majority government of Social Democrats, the newly retracted into Parliament ANO (Action dissatisfied citizens) Agro- Millardärs Andrej Babiš and the KDU- CSL distinguished himself after the elections from quite quickly, already from 1992 to 1998 and from 2002 to 2009 in changing constellations was represented in the government. Babiš had initially declared their intention to tolerate only a socio Christian Democratic government, but later distinguished himself but one entry of the ANO 2011 in a coalition from.
The beginning of the talks to form a government, however, were delayed by severe internal turmoil in the CSSD: Supported by President Miloš Zeman tried Deputy party leader Michal Hašek the party leader and top candidate Bohuslav Sobotka to plunge immediately after the elections: the party leadership demanded Sobotka to withdraw immediately and pulled him from the negotiating team for the formation of a government from. Sobotka, who rejected a resignation, however, was unexpectedly high public support. Furthermore, both the ANO and the KDU- CSL made it clear that only party leader Sobotka is the legitimate interlocutor for them. So ultimately Michal Hašek and other high-ranking officials from the party executive of the Social Democrats declared (including the second vice chairman Zdeněk Škromach ) turn after a few days of its withdrawal from their party posts, thus enabling the commencement of the reign talks chaired by Sobotka.
President Zeman therefore commissioned on November 22, 2013 Bohuslav Sobotka also officially so to resume talks on forming a government with the announced coalition partners.