Daylily
Yellow Red Daylily (Hemerocallis fulva )
The Daylilies (Hemerocallis ) are a genus of plants that belongs to the subfamily of Tagliliengewächse ( Hemerocallidoideae ).
Etymology
The scientific name of the genus comes from the Greek words Ἡμέρα ( Hemera = day) and Κάλλος ( Kallos = Beauty) because the individual flowers of the species bloom only for a single day. From this fact, the German name of the genus is derived.
Description
Daylilies are perennial herbaceous plants. They often grow in clumps. The roots are often fibrous or fleshy and running together, but at the ends form thickenings from which grow rhizomes. The stem has only ground-based long linear leaves, two of which are always facing. They are often bent and run towards the tip sharp.
Typically, each plant bears two inflorescences that are schraubelig cymoid, rarely come before individual flowers.
The funnel-shaped, hermaphrodite and zygomorphic individual flowers are short-lived one day. The six bracts ( tepals ) are fused short tubular at its base. The inner tepals are slightly wider than the outer. Each flower has six stamens, which are united at the base of the perianth. The stamens are bent upwards, separated and unequal. The dust bags are made of two halves ( counters ). Three carpels are fused to a constant upper dreifächerigen ovary, which is green. Nectaries are present. The upturned style ends in a three-lobed or capitate stigma.
There are trained leathery capsule fruits that contain either very few or many seeds.
Dissemination
Daylilies are found from Central Europe to East Asia. The genus Hemerocallis missing in the New World; although there are representatives of Tagliliengewächse family in Australia, the genus seems to be missing there as well. The diversity center is with eleven species in the People's Republic of China, four species are endemic. As mainly hybrids of yellow Red Daylily (Hemerocallis fulva ) are popular as garden plants, they are also found in North American gardens are overgrown and partly from there.
System
For a long time there was a family, now subfamily of Tagliliengewächse ( Hemerocallidoideae ) exclusively in the genus Hemerocallis, the family / subfamily has been greatly expanded. The genus name Hemerocallis was first published in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum, 1, p 324. Type species is L. Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus. Genus Hemerocallis to
- Lemon Daylily (Hemerocallis citrina Baroni ), Origin: China ( Shensi ); with the varieties: Hemerocallis citrina var citrina
- Hemerocallis citrina var vespertina ( H.Hara ) M.Hotta
- Hemerocallis fulva var angustifolia Baker
- Hemerocallis fulva var aurantiaca ( Baker) M.Hotta ( syn. H. fulva var sempervirens M. Hotta & M. Matsuoka )
- Hemerocallis fulva var fulva
- Hemerocallis fulva var Kwanso rule
- Hemerocallis fulva var littorea ( Makino ) M.Matsuoka & M.Hotta
- Hemerocallis fulva var maculata Baroni
- Hemerocallis fulva var pauciflora M.Hotta & M.Matsuoka
- Hemerocallis middendorffii var longibracteata ZTXiong
- Hemerocallis middendorffii var middendorffii
Culture
Daylilies are significant as garden plants in Europe, the United States, and particularly in the People's Republic of China. In the U.S. alone, there are 38,000 registered breeder of daylilies that have produced more than 13,000 named hybrids. In the Chinese garden art is the species for thousands of years is of great importance. There, the genus is also appreciated for the edible flowers of some species and is used in traditional Chinese medicine.
The leaves are used in the construction of some types of traditional houses in the Chinese province of Yunnan, in Taichung, Taiwan as well as on the island of Lan Yu as a material for covering roofs.
Swell
- Entry in the Flora of North America. (English)
- Xinqi Chen, Prof. Song - Yun Liang, Jie -mei Xu, David E. Boufford, Michael G. Gilbert, Rudolf V. camel, Shoichi Kawano, Tetsuo Koyama, Elena V. Mordak, Junko Noguchi, Victor G. Soukup, Hiroshi Takahashi, Kamilla G. Tamanian, Minoru N. Tamura & Nicholas J. Turland: Liliaceae in Flora of China, Volume 24, p 161: Hemerocallis - online. (Section Description, systematics )