Deccan sultanates

As the Deccan sultanates, the five sultanates Ahmadnagar, Berar, Bidar, Bijapur and Golkonda are summarized on the Deccan Plateau in central India, which had emerged around the turn of the 15th and 16th century from the Bahmani Sultanate. Bijapur, Ahmadnagar and Berar won its independence in 1490, Bidar and Golconda 1492 1512.

Cause of the development of the five Islamic states were internal disputes of the Bahmani Sultanate, which eventually led to a complete loss of power of the last Sultan Mahmud Shah IV. Usually the Deccan sultanates were involved in wars with each other. 1564 they joined but, except for Berar, an alliance against Vijayanagar together and beat the common enemy in the following year at the Battle of Talikota so devastating that this last Hindu empire of South India withdrew from the Indian politics.

1574 after a coup in Berar Sultanate of this sultanate was conquered by the Sultanate of Ahmadnagar. 1619 the Sultanate of Bidar by the Sultanate of Bijapur was annexed. Later, the remaining three sultanates Ahmadnagar, Bijapur and Golkonda were conquered by the Mughal Empire. The Sultanate of Ahmadnagar was completely overwhelmed by the Mughal Empire 1616-1636 and the Sultanate of Bijapur and Golkonda were conquered by the Mughal ruler Aurangzeb in the 1686-87 campaign.

With the then incipient decline of the Mughal Empire took place in the territories of the former Deccan sultanates, the rise of Hindu Maratha Empire, which was in turn ultimately destroyed by the British colonial empire.