Districts of the Achaemenid Empire

In the following list of the satrapies of the Achaemenid empire, and satraps must be noted that not passed all the satrapies simultaneously. Many of the satrapies are only known from Greek sources, it is not always sure how Greek authors were informed in detail about the conditions in the Achaemenid Empire. Confusion and blurring in official designations may be repeated several suspected or even occupied. From the Achaemenid sources comparatively little information.

Egypt

The reign of the Achaemenid Empire in Egypt lasted from 525 bis 404/401 BC and 341 BC to 332 BC

  • See: satrap of Egypt

Arabia

Arabia had a semi-autonomous status. It is only occupied by a satrap; the Interpretion the document is uncertain.

  • Megabyzos under Cyrus

Arachosia

Arachosia are poorly documented as a satrapy, but is definitely referred to in the Behistun inscription as such, so that the existence as an administrative unit can exist no doubt.

  • Vivana under Darius I.
  • Barsaentes, under Darius III.
  • Menon under Alexander the Great

Aria

For Aria is attested with certainty only a satrap, but the satrapy was continued under Alexander the Great.

Armenia

Armenia is attested with certainty since Darius I as a satrapy. Hydarnes she received as Stammsatrapie. In the following years his family officiated in Armenia.

  • Tanaoxares ( Bardiya ), uncertain
  • Hydarnes, I. Darius to Xerxes I.
  • Orontes I., II under Darius? to Artaxerxes III. ( uncertain)
  • Tiribazus, under Darius II to Artaxerxes II
  • Darius Kodommanos, Artaxerxes III. , Later the Great King Darius III.
  • Orontes II, under Darius III. by Alexander
  • Mithrenes, under Alexander the Great

Babylonia

Is only since Darius I own satrapy, made ​​before a Doppelsatrapie with Ebirnari.

  • See Babylonia ( satrapy )

Bactria

Only since Darius I witnessed as a separate satrapy.

  • Tanyoxarkes ( Bardiya ), under Cyrus to Cambyses (managed and Armenia, the media and the Kadusier )
  • Dadarschisch, under Darius I.
  • Ariamenes, I. Darius to Xerxes I.
  • Masistes, I. Xerxes
  • Artapanus, under Xerxes to Artaxerxes I.
  • Hystaspes III. , Under Artaxerxes II to Artaxerxes III. (?)
  • Bessus, under Artaxerxes III. (?) To Darius III.
  • Artabazus, under Alexander the Great

Bithynia

Bithynia was probably never own satrapy and was under the Hellespontine satraps.

  • Pharnabazos, under Artaxerxes III. ( uncertain)

Ebir - Nari

Ebir - Nari is a separate satrapy only since Darius I, formed a Doppelsatrapie previously with Babylonia.

  • See Ebir - Nari

Elam / Susiane

  • Aboulites, under Darius to Alexander the Great

Gedrosia / Purusch

A satrap of Purusch is demonstrated in the Persepolistäfelchen. Purusch is almost certainly to be equated with Gedrosia. However, further evidence for this satrapy missing, and even came when Alexander the Great in this area, it seems to have been no satrapy.

  • Karkisch, under Darius I.

Bright Pontic Phrygia

The Bright Pontic Phrygia (also Kleinphrygien ) is one of the best next to Lydia testified satrapies. Probably the list of satraps is largely complete.

  • Pharnouchos, under Cyrus
  • Mitrobates, under Cambyses to Darius I.
  • Oibares, I. Darius
  • Artayktes, under Xerxes I.
  • Megabates, under Xerxes I.
  • Artabazus I., I. Xerxes
  • Epixyes, I. Xerxes
  • Pharnabazos I., I. Xerxes to Artaxerxes I ( uncertain)
  • Pharnakes II, I. Artaxerxes to Darius II
  • Pharnabazos II, under Darius II.bis Artaxerxes II
  • Ariobarzanes, under Artaxerxes II to Artaxerxes III. ( around 387 bis 363/2 BC)
  • Artabazus II, under Artaxerxes III. (about 362-352 BC)
  • Arsites, under Darius III.

Hyrcania

Hyrcania probably formed with a Parthyaia Doppelsatrapie, which was perhaps only established under Artaxerxes I.. It existed until the Hellenistic period on. The evidence of satraps before Artaxerxes I are uncertain in their interpretation.

  • Astyages, under Cyrus ( uncertain)
  • Mega Bernes, under Cyrus to Cambyses ( uncertain)
  • I. Hystaspes, under Cambyses to Darius I ( uncertain)
  • I. Darius II, Artaxerxes under
  • Phrataphernes, under Darius III. to Alexander the Great
  • Amminapes, the Great until 330 BC under Alexander v.
  • Barzanes, under Alexander the Great and Bessus

India

So far, no satrap of India are attested.

Ionia

Ionia was under the satrapy of Lydia. All the names of satraps that are narrated by Xenophon ( Kyrupädie, VIII 6, 7) are probably partly fictional, mostly they are but by satrap of Lydia.

  • Chrysanatas, under Cyrus (probably fictitious)
  • Tamo, under Darius II
  • Tissaphernes, under Darius II
  • Struses, under Artaxerxes II
  • Spihrobates, under Darius III.
  • Philoxenos, hyparchos under Alexander the Great

Kadusier

The Kadusier were probably a semi-autonomous people that their own kings under stood. They had to provide troops consequence.

  • Tanaoxares ( Bardiya ), under Cyrus to Cambyses
  • Artagerses, under Darius II

Cappadocia

Cappadocia was already part of the media. As an independent satrapy, it is attested from Darius I.

  • Artabatas, under Cyrus ( uncertain in interpretation)
  • Anaphas, I. Darius
  • Ariaramnes, I. Darius
  • Udiastes, under Darius II
  • Cyrus, under Darius II to Artaxerxes II
  • Mithridates II under Artaxerxes
  • Kamisares, under Artaxerxes II ( uncertain)
  • Datames, under Artaxerxes II to Artaxerxes III.
  • Mithrobouzanes, under Darius III.
  • Ariarathes, under Darius III. to Alexander the Great
  • Sabiktas, under Alexander the Great

Caria

Until the reign of Artaxerxes II was under the Lydia region. First independent satrap was Hyssaldomos.

  • Adusios, under Cyrus ( uncertain in interpretation)
  • Mithridates, Hellenistic Roman figure, certainly fictitious
  • Pissouthnes, Artaxerxes I to Darius II ( uncertain in interpretation)
  • Hyssaldomos, under Artaxerxes II
  • Hekatomnos, under Artaxerxes II
  • Mausolus, under Artaxerxes II to Artaxerxes III.
  • Artemisia, under Artaxerxes III.
  • Idrieus, under Artaxerxes III.
  • Ada, under Artaxerxes III.
  • Pixodaros, under Darius III.
  • Orontopates, under Artaxerxes III. and Alexander the Great
  • Ada, under Alexander the Great
  • Philoxenos, under Alexander the Great
  • Asandros, from 323 BC

Carmania

It is uncertain whether Carmania was ever a own satrapy, maybe it was just a military controlled desert region.

  • Tanyoxarkes ( Bardiya ), under Cyrus II
  • Astaspes, under Darius III. ( uncertain in interpretation)

Cilicia

Cilicia was ruled by local kings who held four of which in turn also the office of a satrap.

  • Arbakes ( satrap ), Medo
  • Xeinagoras ( satrap ), I. Xerxes
  • Syennesis II, under Darius II to Artaxerxes II
  • Kamisares, under Artaxerxes III.
  • Mazaeus ( satrap ), under Artaxerxes II to Darius III. ( 361-333 BC)
  • Arsames ( satrap ), under Darius III.
  • Balakros, under Alexander the Great

Lydia / Sardis

Lydia, with its capital Sardis emerged from a kingdom. Probably as good as all the satraps known.

  • Croesus, under Cyrus ( fictitious)
  • Tabalos, under Cyrus ( fictitious)
  • Chrystantas, under Cyrus ( fictitious)
  • Oroites, under Cyrus I to Darius I.
  • Gadatas, I. Darius ( uncertain)
  • Artaphernes I., I. Darius
  • Artaphernes II, Xerxes I.
  • Pharnakes ( fictitious)
  • Pissouthnes, I. Artaxerxes to Darius II
  • Tissaphernes, under Darius II
  • Cyrus, under Darius II to Artaxerxes II
  • Tissaphernes, under Artaxerxes II
  • Pharbabazos, under Artaxerxes II (incorrect assignment)
  • Thihraustes, under Artaxerxes II ( uncertain)
  • Tiribazus, under Artaxerxes II
  • Struthas, under Artaxerxes II
  • Artimas, under Artaxerxes II
  • Autophradates, under Artaxerxes III.
  • Ariobarzanes, under Artaxerxes III. (incorrect assignment)
  • Rhosakes, under Artaxerxes III.
  • Mentor, under Artaxerxes III. and Darius III.
  • Spithridates, under Darius III.
  • Mithrenes, under Darius III.
  • Asandros, under Alexander the Great
  • Menander, Alexander the Great

Maka / Makkasch

The satrapy of Maka ( on both sides of Hormuz ) is clearly evidenced only by the Persepolistäfelchen. It is probably identical with Karmenien, which in turn appears only in Greek sources.

  • Ipdumasda, I. Darius
  • Zamaschba, I. Darius

Media

Media is one of the central satrapies of the empire, but little has been handed to the satrapy.

  • Oibares ( vorpersisch )
  • Tanyoxarkes ( Bardiya ), under Cyrus II
  • Idernes, under Darius II ( uncertain)
  • Terituchmes, under Darius II to Artaxerxes II ( uncertain)
  • Arbakas, under Artaxerxes II
  • Atropates, under Darius III. to Alexander the Great

Mysia

The Mysians were a people in Asia Minor. They were partly under the administration of Lydia and the Hellespontine satrapy. The few documents for satraps make it likely that these other satraps were assumed so that Mysia was not an independent satrapy.

  • Mania, under Artaxerxes II ( uncertain in interpretation)
  • Orontes, under Artaxerxes II to Artaxerxes III. ( uncertain in interpretation)

Paphlagonia

Paphlagonia was perhaps a semi-autonomous territory that was placed under the satrap of Cappadocia

  • Korylas, under Darius II to Artaxerxes II ( uncertain in interpretation)
  • Cotys, under Artaxerxes II ( uncertain in interpretation)
  • Datames, under Artaxerxes III. ( uncertain in interpretation)

Parthyaia ( with Hyrcania )

All receipts for Parthyaia come from the Hellenistic period. Probably Parthyaia formed with a Hyrcania Doppelsatrapie.

  • Phrataphernes, under Darius III.
  • Amminapes, under Alexander the Great

Persis

The Persis is the ancestral homeland of the empire. In the sources, a satrap is rarely mentioned, which in turn was probably due to the dominant role of the resident here Great King, next to the satraps played only a minor role.

  • Astyages, under Cyrus
  • Datis, I. Darius
  • Ariobarzanes, under Darius III.
  • Phrasaorates, under Alexander the Great

Phrygia

Phrygia appears mainly in Greek texts as an important satrapy, however, is less in Achaemenid text sources.

  • Artakamas, under Cyrus
  • Arsames, I. Xerxes
  • Cyrus, under Darius II to Artaxerxes II
  • Ariaos, under Artaxerxes II
  • Ariobarzanes, under Artaxerxes II
  • Artakamas, under Artaxerxes III.
  • Mithropopastes, under Darius III.
  • Atizyes, under Darius III.

Tapurer ( and raccoon )

  • Autophradates, under Darius III. to Alexander the Great

Thrace

Thrace probably was under the Hellespontine Phrygia.

  • Seuthes, under Darius II ( uncertain)

Cyprus

Cyprus was probably placed under the satrapy Ebir - Nari. On the island, but still ruled next local kings. In the single satrap of the island is apparently a bug in the ancient sources.

  • Tiribazus, under Artaxerxes III. (probably in error sources)

Basic set of satrapies

The following three lists are a reconstruction of structure of satrapies over the history of the Achaemenid empire.

Cyrus and Cambyses

  • Egypt
  • Ariane Arachosia
  • Armenia
  • Assyria (Babylon and Ebir Nari )
  • Bactria
  • Bright Pontic Phrygia
  • Cappadocia
  • Cilicia
  • Media
  • Parthia and Hyrcania

Darius I

  • Egypt
  • Arachosia
  • Aria (?)
  • Armenia
  • Babylon and Ebir Nari
  • Bactria
  • Gedrosia ( with Carmania? )
  • Hyrcania
  • Cappadocia
  • Lydia
  • Bright Pontic Phrygia
  • India
  • Cilicia
  • Maka
  • Media
  • Persis

Darius II and Artaxerxes II

  • Egypt
  • Arachosia ( with Drangiane and Gandhara )
  • Aria
  • Armenia
  • Babylonia
  • Ebir Nari
  • Bactria with Sogdiana
  • Gedrosia with Carmania
  • Hyrcania
  • India ( semi-autonomous kingdoms )
  • Pontic Cappadocia (?)
  • Tauride Cappadocia (?)
  • Lydia
  • Caria
  • Greater Phrygia
  • Cilicia
  • Maka
  • Media
  • Persis
  • Susiane
Megabyzus (disambiguation) Aria (satrapy) Orontes II. Artabazos I of Phrygia Pharnabazus I Pharnaces II of Pontus Artabazos II of Phrygia Ariarathes I of Cappadocia Artemisia II of Caria Ada of Caria Pixodarus Orontobates Asander Arsames (disambiguation) Balacrus Artaphernes (son of Artaphernes) Pharnaces Mentor (disambiguation) Menander (general) Hidarnes III Mania (mythology) Ariobarzanes of Persis
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