Elizabeth Fry
Elizabeth Fry ( born May 21, 1780 in Norwich, † October 12, 1845 in Ramsgate ) was a British reformer of the prison system and is known as " Angel of the Prisons " known.
Life
Elizabeth Gurney was born in Gurney Court in Norwich and grew up on the seat of her family, Earlham Hall ( now part of the University of East Anglia), on. She was the fifth of eleven children of the rich banker, businessman and Quaker Joseph John Gurney. Her mother died when she was twelve years old. In August 1800 she married the London banker and businessman Joseph Fry ( 1777-1861 ).
In 1813 Elizabeth Fry visited several times the Newgate Prison. Your major public performance was in April 1817, when it managed to achieve better conditions of the prisoners in Newgate. These included, inter alia, the classification of criminals, female supervision for women and adequate provisions for religious and secular acts. This also led to the introduction of these criteria in other prisons. She also visited prisons in the north of England and Scotland.
Elizabeth Fry donated to the family country estate Plashet House, a free school for orphaned girls. Later she founded in London a school for the children of prisoners and in 1819 a teaching and school work for convicted female prisoners, which was conducted under the name of Newgater association of a Head and twelve women.
During a visit to Ireland in 1827 her attention was drawn to hospitals. They also reached here an improvement in the treatment of the mentally ill.
1838 she visited France, where she met with leading officials of the prisons. 1839 she received official permission to visit all prisons in France in order to create a detailed report can. In the summer of 1840 she traveled through Belgium, the Netherlands and Prussia, as a result they motivated to Theodor Fliedner and Johann Hinrich Wichern, to work for the needy. After returning to London, she founded the Institute of Nursing, the wealthy and the believing women took up, to teach them in a practical home nursing care. From 1843 Elizabeth Fry was no longer able to make travel for health reasons. But they still kept in touch with the various prison officials to monitor further improvements.
Honors
On October 1, 1952 dedicated to her stamp of series helper of mankind in the Federal Post Office appeared.
Since 2002, Elizabeth Fry can be seen on the English five - pound note. In Germany, many women and children houses are named after her.
Anniversaries:
- Evangelical: October 12, in name Evangelical Calendar
- Anglican: October 12