Emanuel Herrmann
Emanuel Herrmann ( * June 24, 1839 in Klagenfurt, Carinthia, † July 13, 1902 in Vienna ) was an Austrian economist. He made the crucial suggestion for the initial post- officially - official launch of the postcard in Austria - Hungary. The sole inventor of the postcard he had a terrible, there was already earlier approaches.
Life
His father was Alexander Herrmann district captain in Klagenfurt. Herrmann's grandfather Joseph was a sign of champion and his great-grandfather Johann immigrated from Silesia, he was a cabinetmaker. The canon Heinrich Herrmann was his uncle who was a famous historian of the 19th century.
He went from 1848 to 1856 in a high school in Klagenfurt taught in the Benedictine. After completion of the study of law in Vienna, Prague and Graz he joined in 1861 as an intern at the Finanzprokuatur in Klagenfurt one. A short time later, he habilitated in Graz and was there from 1863 at the University as a lecturer in economics. After a brief period of study elsewhere in 1864 he gave lectures in Graz. From 1868, he taught economics and encyclopedia of law at the Military Academy in Wiener Neustadt. Next he was since 1871 lecturer at the Vienna Commercial Academy. Then he was Ministerial Counsellor at the Ministry of Culture and Education. From 1882 to 1902 Herrmann was then at the Technical University of Vienna professor of economics.
On 26 January 1869 he published in the Neue Freie Presse a post under the title On a new type of correspondence via the mail. In this article, he suggested that all written or produced by photocopying machines or by printing cards may be sent in the format of an ordinary letter envelope open with a two- cruiser brand, if they contain with the inclusion of the address and signature of the sender no longer than 20 words. Normal postage time was five cruisers.
The proposal Herrmann's fell on fertile ground. The former General Post Office Director Ritter v. Maly took up the idea. Already in September 1869 appeared the Regulation of the Department of Commerce regarding the introduction of correspondence card, after which issued from October 1, 1869 by the Post Office Postcards on which short written messages to all places of the monarchy without distinction of distance for a fee of two Neukreuzern be transported can.
The correspondence map of Austria took their way through the entire world. Herrmann was by this invention is a well-known man. However, its authorship was disputed later. Thus, it was explained in the German Reichstag by a representative of the government, that the Prussian Oberpostrat and later imperial postmaster Heinrich von Stephan, the actual inventor of the correspondence card was because he had already proposed this in 1865 at the post conference in Karlsruhe. This claim was however always rejected by the Austrian side with the argument that Stephen had suggested then no correspondence card, but a post- sheet the size of a money order should be available at all post cash but before you use it for a trade mark in the value of the former letter postage ( a denarius ) had to be glued. However, this would have been nothing new since the postage should not be reduced; rather was intended only to facilitate the manipulation of the post. In fact, not proposed by Stephan Post Journal, but a postcard arrived exactly on the pattern of Austrian correspondence card in Germany to launch. Stephan has incidentally himself never claimed to be the inventor of the postcard.
Herrmann the villa belonged Seefels in Pörtschach, he also collected folk songs and brought them out as books.
Herrmann is buried in Vienna on Meidlinger cemetery in an honorary grave dedicated (Department E, Row 7, grave No. 113). Stands on the grave stone: " The inventor of the postcard ."
Trivia
Also located in Vienna on the Danube Canal beach owes its name to Emanuel Herrmann Herrmann.
Works
- With Valentine Pogatschnigg: German folk songs from Carinthia, 2 volumes, Graz 1869 and 1870
- The theory of the insurance from wirth economic standpoint, Graz 1868
- Guide of husbandry teaching, Graz 1870
- Thumbnails from the field of husbandry, Halle a S.: Nebert, 1872
- Natural history of clothing, Vienna, Waldheim 1878
- Culture and nature. Studies in the field of husbandry, Berlin 1887
- Technical issues and problems of the modern economy, 1891
- The secret of power. Original studies. 2nd edition, Berlin 1896