Emilio, marquis Visconti-Venosta

Emilio Visconti - Venosta Marchese ( born January 22, 1829 in Milan, † November 28, 1914 in Rome ) was an Italian conservative politician, the longtime deputy of the Camera dei deputati and 1863-1901 five foreign ministers in eight different cabinets was.

Life

Visconti - Venosta was originally a supporter of the represented by Giuseppe Mazzini freedom struggle and defended by this idea of ​​"resurrection " ( Risorgimento ), but took after the attempted insurrection in Milan in February 1853 a more moderate stance. In 1861 he was first elected as deputies in the Camera dei deputati and represented in this until 1886 the Conservatives ( Destra ).

After 1863 he was Secretary General of the Foreign Ministry between December 1862 and March, he was appointed on 20 March 1863 by Prime Minister Marco Minghetti first foreign minister of Italy, and was one of the first cabinet on until 28 September 1864. In this role he completed in 1864 along with Minghetti and the French Foreign Minister Édouard Drouyn de Lhuys the September Convention, in which the French occupation of Rome was limited to two years.

In March 1866 he was appointed ambassador to Constantinople Opel. Between June 1866 and April 10, 1867 he was 28 but then in the Cabinet of Prime Minister Bettino Ricasoli again Secretary of State, so that the line of the embassy in Constantinople Opel carried out by legation secretary Alberto Blanc as chargé d'affaires. The post of ambassador was then occupied in May 1867, with Giuseppe Bertinatti.

The Office of the Foreign Minister, he took over again on 13 May 1869 in the ruling until July 10, 1873 Government of Giovanni Lanza and held that office in the subsequent second cabinet of Prime Minister Minghetti until 20 November 1876. During this time there was serious political and diplomatic problems after the liberation of Rome in 1870, the Roman question related about the status of Rome and which entered into force on February 16, 1871 law of Guarantees, the rights of the Pope and the ratio of the former papal States to the Kingdom of Italy after the political disempowerment of the former Pius IX. It guaranteed the inviolability of his person to the Pope, the Vatican and the Lateran Palace and of Castel Gandolfo. Pius IX. rejected in May 1871 offered him by the Italian King Victor Emmanuel II limited sovereignty rights. Pius and his successors were limited in scope to the immediate, surrounded by fortifications Vatican City. In the following years, Visconti Venosta, Italy tried to move closer to the Central Powers.

After the loss of hegemony of the conservative Destra he was involved in nearly twenty years of any government and has since been on 7 June 1886 Member of the Senate ( Senato del Regno d' Italia ) appointed before July 11, 1896, he 1st to again in June 1898 the Minister of Foreign Affairs held in the third and fourth cabinet of Prime Minister Antonio Starrabba. Because of disagreement with him about the opinion in order to prevent civil unrest of May 1898 Justice Minister Giuseppe Zanardelli had to resign.

The last time Visconti Venosta was appointed on 14 May 1899 by Prime Minister Luigi Pelloux as Foreign Minister in the second cabinet and held this ministerial office also dated 24 June 1990 to 15 February 1901 in the subsequent government of Prime Minister Giuseppe Saracco. During this time he was looking outside the between Italy, the German Empire and Austria - Hungary also contacted France to improve the affected because of the race for Africa French -Italian relations.

Visconti - Venosta took from January to April 1906 Italy at the Algeciras Conference to resolve the First Moroccan Crisis. He was by then Foreign Minister Antonino Paternò Castello against the ambassador to Spain, Giulio Silvestrelli, brought forward, which was originally intended by the previous Foreign Minister Tommaso Tittoni as conference participants. He then moved to a large extent back into private life.

Awards

For his service he was awarded several times and received, among other things 1901 Knight's Cross of Annunziaten Order, the Grand Cross of the Order of Knights of St.. Mauritius and Lazarus and the Order of the Crown of Italy. He also received the Grand Cross of the Belgian Order of Leopold, from Dannebrogorden Denmark, the Knight's Cross of the Red Eagle Order of the Kingdom of Prussia, which Großdignitar the Order of the Rose of Brazil and the Knight's Cross of the fifth class mecidiye Order.

External links and sources

  • Biography at the Enciclopedia Italiana L' (Online Version, page view on July 31, 2012)
  • Meyers Lexicon Great people, Mannheim 1968, p 1365
  • Minister of Foreign Affairs (Italy )
  • Member of the Chamber of Deputies ( Italy)
  • Senator (Italy )
  • Italian diplomat
  • Ambassador in the Ottoman Empire
  • Support of the Red Eagle ( severity unknown)
  • Of the Order of hl. Mauritius and Lazarus
  • Of the Order of the Crown of Italy ( Grand Cross )
  • Carrier of the Order of Leopold ( Grand Cross )
  • Carrier of Dannebrogordens
  • Carrier of mecidiye Order
  • Of the Order of the Rose
  • Italian
  • Born in 1829
  • Died in 1914
  • Man
Victor Emmanuel II of Italy Knight's Cross Order of the Most Holy Annunciation Order of Leopold (Belgium) Order of the Medjidie Integrated Authority File
306806
de