Engelbert Mühlbacher

Engelbert Muhlbacher ( born October 4, 1843 in Gresten, Lower Austria, † July 17, 1903 in Vienna ) was an Austrian historian and Diploma sufferers.

Life

Muhlbacher was born in Lower Austria Gresten as the son of a blacksmith, but came his parents originally from Traun churches in Upper Austria, where the old family property - an iron hammer - was, and so Muhlbacher felt in his strong sense of place and always as Upper Austria. Until 1862 Muhlbacher attended high school in Linz, to remain in the year as a novice in the Monastery of St. Florian, Linz, enter. During his local theological training, he worked intensively with historical studies that have been published in the Theological and Practical quarterly magazine ( to oldest church in the country's history the Enns, 1868; For a critique of the legends of St. Florian, 1868. ). On July 28, 1867 Muhlbacher was ordained a priest and worked for the next few years in pastoral ministry.

1872 took Muhlbacher the study of history in Innsbruck, where Julius von Ficker 's class. Already in 1874 a doctorate Muhlbacher with a dissertation on the " disputed papal election of the year 1130 " (printed in 1876), because the church-political struggles of the 12th century captivated his interest then most. Subsequently, Muhlbacher turned to diplomacy and trained from 1874 to 1876 at Theodor von Sickel in Vienna. Because of works on " the dating of documents Lothar I " and " the deeds of Charles III. " ( Printed in the meeting reports of the Vienna Academy 85/1877 and 92/ 1879) he was habilitated in 1878 in Innsbruck. He was then in 1879 the editor of the newly founded " releases of the Institute for Austrian Historical Studies" ( hereinafter referred to briefly MIÖG ). This task Muhlbacher practiced until his death, making it the MIÖG to major historical journal of Austria.

1881 Muhlbacher was an associate professor of medieval history and historical auxiliary sciences in Vienna. Because of its vague spiritual position - Muhlbacher was never formally withdrew from the Linz Canons, however, she had not visited since the 1870s and was also occurred as a critic of papal infallibility dogma of 1870 - he had to wait for his appointment as a full professor until 1896. In the same year Muhlbacher was also appointed director of the Institute for Austrian Historical Research.

1891 Muhlbacher was elected to the Central Directorate of the Monumenta Historica Germaniae (MGH ). The edition of the Carolingian documents which the MGH had been postponed in 1875, was acquired in 1892 by Muhlbacher and promoted vigorously with his staff Alfons Dopsch and Michael Tangl. If also the original plan, within ten years afterwards to edit all Carolingian rulers in the total range to 840 and in the eastern kingdom until 911, when too proved optimistic, lay at death Mühlbacher but the nearly completed manuscript of the documents Pepin, Carloman and Charles the Great before.

With 59 years, he died in July 1903 of a heart attack as a result of protracted pneumonia, for which he had no consideration in his work ethic.

Engelbert Muhlbacher rests in an honorary dedicated grave in the cemetery Döblinger (Group 30, number 4, number 10) in Vienna. 1930 Mühlbachergasse in Vienna Hietzing was named after him.

Work

Three major scientific papers make up the main work Mühlbacher:

• The synopses of the Empire under the Carolingians 751-918 ( Regesta Imperii I. 1st edition 1889, 2nd enlarged edition 1908; digitized ) recorded documents, itinerary and other government acts ( capitularies, imperial assemblies, etc.) of the Carolingian kings of Pippin to Konrad I. , taking into account the previous Arnulf Arnulf of Metz from Inger already. With this basic work Muhlbacher not only has the relevant material almost completely covered, but also done Major, in his critical development (eg, in his judgment of truth or falsehood of documents ). As part of the founded by Johann Friedrich Böhmer series of Regesta Imperii this work is cited with the short title " Bohemian - Muhlbacher ".
• Mühlbacher German history under the Carolingians (Stuttgart 1896, reprints in 1959, 1972, 1980, 1999) is still used because of their mastery of the substance, of clarity and the courage to prononcierten judgments.
• With the certificates of Pepin, Carloman, and Charlemagne (MGH Diplomata Karolinorum I ), 1906 posthumously published ( digitized ), Muhlbacher presented the first scientific and still authoritative edition of the charters of the three mentioned Frankish kings. Given this performance drop smaller defects of the edition, which were already at that time, even within the MGH, criticized less important: namely that Muhlbacher had refrained (ie the text formulated notaries) determine the dictators of the individual documents, and that he did not literally reprinted the original documents, but sometimes emended the text and then banished at this point the reading of the original in a note in the critical apparatus ( while otherwise considered as hard and fast rule of diplomacy to reprint originals unchanged).

Other Works (selection)

• Un diplôme faux de Saint Martin de Tours. In: Mélanges Julien Havet. 1895, pp. 131-148.
• The Donation of Constantine in the German Reich Chancellery. In: MIÖG. 2, 1881, p 115
• The trust obligation in the charters of Charles the Great. In: MIÖG. Supplementary Volume 6, 1901, pp. 871-883.
• Two other Passau fakes. [ DD to Louis the Child 9 and 84 † ]. In: MIÖG. 24, 1903, pp. 424-432.